A high precision pneumatic proportional pressure valve was designed. The plunger-type structure with two-stage poppet was adopted for the valve. A proportional electromagnetic actuator was used as control component and the control method was electric closed-loop feedback. The output pressure can be adjusted continuously within 0.6 MPa absolute with the steady-state precision of less than 0.25 kPa. A completely nonlinear dynamic model was developed to analyze the effects of main physical and geometrical parameters on the valve’s dynamic behavior and control performance. A self-adaptive fuzzy proportional plus integral controller with adjusting output scaling factor was designed for high precision and quickly control of different pressure target values, and carried out based on single chip-microcomputer ATmega16. Experimental results indicated that the valve has a good performance in pressure and flow characteristics under the designed pressure. Compared to traditional PI controller, the proposed fuzzy algorithm can improve the response and control stability of the system as well as the steady-tate precision drastically, which has better efficiency and robustness. 