The effect of laser shock processing (LSP) on titanium alloys Ti-6Al-4V was tested. It was found that a residual compressive stress and tensile stress were caused on the surfaces of alloys. The alloys were placed in an elevated temperatures environment in the service temperature range of interest and then their residual stresses were measured. The results showed that after four hours at the elevated temperature environment the residual compressive stress was almost recovered to its minimum surface stress, while the residual tensile stress to 82.67% at its convex surface and only a small residual tensile stress (20.6MPa) left at its convex surface. Results of the experiments indicate that the fatigue resistance and damage tolerance of alloys are greatly improved after annealed, which can satisfied the demand of the aircraft engine parts and aircraft structures.