侯加林,马端旭,李慧,张智龙,周纪磊,史嵩.气力离心组合式小麦精量排种器设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2023,54(10):35-45.
HOU Jialin,MA Duanxu,LI Hui,ZHANG Zhilong,ZHOU Jilei,SHI Song.Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Centrifugal Combined Precision Seed Metering Device for Wheat[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2023,54(10):35-45.
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| 气力离心组合式小麦精量排种器设计与试验 [下载全文] |
| Design and Experiment of Pneumatic Centrifugal Combined Precision Seed Metering Device for Wheat [Download Pdf][in English] |
| 投稿时间：2023-03-22 |
| DOI：10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2023.10.003 |
| 中文关键词: 小麦精量排种器 气力离心组合式 DEM-CFD 正交试验 |
| 基金项目:山东省重点研发计划（重大科技创新工程）项目（2021CXG010813、2022CXGC020703）、山东省重点研发计划(科技示范工程)项目（2022SFGC0203）、山东省自然科学基金面上项目（ZR2022ME045）和山东省农业科学院科技创新工程项目（CXGC2022A31） |
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| 中文摘要:针对传统小麦播种以无序种流、不定量排出的方式存在脉动性高、均匀性差的问题，设计了一种气力离心组合式小麦精量排种器，采用气力充种和离心清种的方式，种子有序均匀排出。对排种器的关键参数进行设计，建立充种和排种过程的动力学模型，确定充种角和落种角的初始范围。利用气固耦合仿真分析方法DEM-CFD进行排种器单因素试验，仿真结果表明，当充种角范围进一步缩小为36°～56°时，其携种性能较好；落种角范围进一步缩小为43°～63°时，其排种性能较好。在此基础上，以充种角、落种角、排种盘转速为试验因素，以漏播率、重播率、直线落种率为响应指标，进行正交旋转组合试验。试验结果表明，当充种角为47.75°、落种角为52.48°、转速为635.5r/min时，排种器工作性能最优，此时，漏播率为2.78％、重播率为3.73％、直线落种率为93.46％，验证试验结果与优化结果基本一致。田间试验结果表明，当设置排种盘型孔内侧面充种角为47.8°、下侧面落种角为52.5°、排种盘转速在552～800r/min范围内时，漏播率低于8.9％、重播率低于4.3％、排种合格率高于88.6％，符合小麦精量播种要求。 |
| HOU Jialin MA Duanxu LI Hui ZHANG Zhilong ZHOU Jilei SHI Song |
| Shandong Agricultural University;Shandong Agricultural University；Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery |
| Key Words:wheat precision seed metering device combined pneumatic centrifugal DEM-CFD orthogonal test |
| Abstract:Aiming at the problems of high pulsation and poor uniformity for the wheat seeding method with disorderly seed flow and variable discharge, a pneumatic centrifugal combined precision seed metering device for wheat was designed. The pneumatic seed filling and centrifugal seed cleaning method were used in the seeder to make seeds in an orderly and uniformly flow. The key parameters were designed firstly. Then, the kinematics of the seed filling and seed dropping processes were modeled and the initial range of filling and dropping angles were determined. Finally, the orthogonal rotational combination test was conducted by using the gas-solid coupled simulation method DEM-CFD. The results showed that when the seed filling angle range was further reduced to 36°～56°, the seeder had better seed carrying performance. Meanwhile, when the seed dropping angle range was further reduced to 43°～63°, the seeder had better discharge performance. On the basis of that, a laboratory test was carried out. The seed filling angle, seed dropping angle and seed disc speed were taken as the test factors and the missed seeding rate, replay rate and straight line seed drop rate were taken as the indexes. The results showed that the seeder had a good performance when the seed filling angle was 47.75°, the seed dropping angle was 52.48°, and the rotational speed was 635.5r/min. At this time, the rate of missed seeding rate was 2.78%, the replay rate was 3.73% and the straight line seed drop rate was 93.46%. The results of the validation tests were in general agreement with the optimization results. The field test results showed that when the seed filling angle of the inner side of the seed tray was 47.8° and the seed drop angle of the lower side was 52.5°, and the speed of the seed tray was in the range of 552～800r/min, the sowing leakage rate was lower than 8.9%, the reseeding rate was lower than 4.3%, and the seeding pass rate was higher than 88.6%, which met the requirements of precision sowing of wheat. |
Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.
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