The garlic aligning bud seeder, composed of single seed picking device, scale bud direction control device, vertical planting device, transmission system, frame, ground wheel and other parts, was designed in order to solve the problem of garlic aligning bud seeding. It can complete seed picking, reversing, vertical planting and suppression operations at one time. According to the dimension parameters of garlic scale bud, the key parts of the planter were optimized, mainly including the development of large, medium and small seed picking spoons according to the dimension distribution of garlic scale bud. A curved opening commutator was designed to make the bud tip of garlic scale bend and expose the commutator as much as possible. The vertical planting mechanism with the middle shaft rotating simultaneously with the driving disk was designed to realize the simultaneous stable operation of the duck tip in 11 rows, and to realize the normal bud with the bud tip no shorter than 6mm with the arc commutator. Taking the ‘Cangshan’ garlic and ‘Jinxiang’ hybrid garlic as experimental subjects, the field seeding performance test was carried out on the seeder. The results showed that when the walking speed was in the range of 0.14~0.19m/s, the normal bud rate of ‘Jinxiang’ hybrid garlic was about 85%, while the ‘Cangshan’ garlic was about 90%, and the single grain rate was more than 93%, which met the agronomic requirements of garlic sowing.