In view of the phenomenon of deformation, fracture and damage at the joint of shovel handle and frame of orchard subsoiler in China, a chisel-type shovel subsoiler was designed. CATIA was used to build the 3D model of the chisel-type shovel subsoiler. ABAQUS, ISIGHT and FE-SAFE software were used to optimize the structure and analyze the fatigue life of the digital model. Field test results showed that when the lightweight subsoiler was operating, the forward speed was 2.1km/h, the tillage depth was 350mm, and the soil moisture content was 15%, the smaller the strength performance torque was, the best subsoil effect can be got. After the optimization design of the software ISIGHT and the fatigue life analysis of FE-SAFE, the mass of the whole machine was reduced from 0.55t to 0.45t, and the mass of the whole machine was reduced by 16.4%, realizing a lightweight design, the research result can provide a certain reference for the independent research and development of orchard subsoilers.