刘晓东,胡瑞,王登辉,卢邦,王万超,丁幼春.基于颗粒肥料运动模型的排肥器优化与试验[J].农业机械学报,2021,52(12):85-95.
LIU Xiaodong,HU Rui,WANG Denghui,LU Bang,WANG Wanchao,DING Youchun.Optimization and Test of Fertilizer Apparatus Based on Granular Fertilizer Movement Model[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(12):85-95.
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基于颗粒肥料运动模型的排肥器优化与试验   [下载全文]
Optimization and Test of Fertilizer Apparatus Based on Granular Fertilizer Movement Model   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2021-08-01  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.12.009
中文关键词:  排肥器  油菜  离心式  集排器
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200600、2016YFD0200606)和湖北省重点研发计划项目(2020BAB097)
作者单位
刘晓东 华中农业大学 
胡瑞 华中农业大学 
王登辉 华中农业大学 
卢邦 华中农业大学 
王万超 华中农业大学 
丁幼春 华中农业大学 
中文摘要:针对螺旋锥体离心式排肥器排肥性能需提升、各参数对排肥性能影响规律不明确及相关理论和解析模型研究不深入的问题,建立了颗粒肥料在排肥器内的运动模型,通过理论分析确定了弧形锥体圆盘的母线方程及影响排肥器性能的主要结构参数和范围。采用EDEM离散元仿真软件,开展了以排肥器锥盘离送段水平倾角δ、推板径向偏角γ及锥盘转速n为试验因素,以排肥量稳定性变异系数CV1、各排肥管道排出肥料的一致性变异系数CV2及随机选取的某一路排肥管道的同行排肥量一致性变异系数CV3作为响应指标的二次回归正交旋转组合试验,应用Design-Expert软件分析了各参数对排肥性能的影响规律,确定了排肥器最优结构参数为水平倾角30.4°、推板径向偏角3.2°、锥盘转速130r/min。为验证所优化排肥器的排肥性能,基于排肥器最优参数组合,开展排肥器在100、110、120、130r/min的排量标定及性能验证试验,试验结果表明,排肥器行最大供肥速率为1.6kg/min,排肥量稳定性变异系数不大于3.12%,各行排肥量一致性变异系数不大于5.29%,同行排肥量一致性变异系数不大于2.05%,各指标均满足施肥量要求。田间试验表明,排肥器排肥量稳定性变异系数不大于4.57%、各行排肥量一致性变异系数不大于6.98%、同行排肥量一致性变异系数不大于3.56%,满足行业标准要求。该研究可为进一步提高排肥器性能及排肥器设计提供理论参考。
LIU Xiaodong  HU Rui  WANG Denghui  LU Bang  WANG Wanchao  DING Youchun
Huazhong Agricultural University
Key Words:fertilizer apparatus  rapeseed  centrifugal  centralized metering device
Abstract:China's oilseed rape cultivation area is among the highest in the world, with about 6.2 million hectares planted year-round, and 85% concentrated in the Yangtze River Basin rice and oil rotation area, providing an important guarantee for the safety of Chinas edible oil supply. Precise and reasonable fertilization is an important way to reduce agricultural production costs, improve the quality and safety of agricultural products and reduce the pressure of environmental pollution. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council pointed out that supporting oilseed rape production in the Yangtze River Basin has presented new challenges and opportunities for chemical fertilizer reduction and precision application during oilseed rape production. On the basis of the spiral disturbance cone centrifugal fertilizer discharger designed in the previous stage, the problem of poor fertilizer discharge performance of the spiral cone centrifugal fertilizer discharger, unclear influence law of each parameter on fertilizer discharge performance and little research on related theories and analytical models was addressed. A model of the movement of granular fertilizer in the fertilizer discharger was established and the main structural parameters and ranges affecting the performance of the fertilizer discharger were determined through theoretical analysis. The EDEM discrete element simulation software was used to carry out a quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test. In order to verify the performance of the optimized fertilizer discharger, a fertilizer discharge calibration and performance verification test was carried out based on the optimal combination of parameters of the fertilizer discharger. The test results showed that the variation coefficient of stability of fertilizer discharge volume and the variation coefficient of consistency of fertilizer discharge volume in each row was decreased, with the variation coefficient of stability of the fertilizer discharge volume was no more than 3.12% and the variation coefficient of the consistency of fertilizer discharge volume in each row was no more than 5.29%. The variation coefficient of consistency of fertilizer discharge volume was decreased with the increase of speed of fertilizer discharger, the difference between the rows was small, and variation coefficient of the consistency of fertilizer discharge volume of the rows was no more than 2.05%, indicating that the fertilizer discharger was stable and met the requirements of fertilizer discharge quality. There was an obvious linear relationship between the row fertilizer supply rate and the rotational speed of the fertilizer rower, which provided theoretical support for variable fertilizer application at a later stage. Field tests showed that the variation coefficient of the stability of fertilizer discharge volume was no more than 4.57%, the variation coefficient of the consistency of fertilizer discharge volume in each row was no more than 6.98% and the variation coefficient of the consistency of peer discharge volume was no more than 3.56%, meeting the requirements of the industry standard. The research result can provide a theoretical reference for improving the operational quality of fertilizer dischargers and design of fertilizer dischargers.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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