陈桂斌,王庆杰,李问盈,何进,李洪文,于畅畅.对辊差速式块状有机肥破碎施肥装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2021,52(12):65-76.
CHEN Guibin,WANG Qingjie,LI Wenying,HE Jin,LI Hongwen,YU Changchang.Design and Experiment of Double Roller Differential Speed Crushing Fertilizer Device for Block Organic Fertilizer[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(12):65-76.
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对辊差速式块状有机肥破碎施肥装置设计与试验   [下载全文]
Design and Experiment of Double Roller Differential Speed Crushing Fertilizer Device for Block Organic Fertilizer   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2020-11-20  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2021.12.007
中文关键词:  有机肥  破碎  对辊差速  试验
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0700301)
作者单位
陈桂斌 中国农业大学 
王庆杰 中国农业大学 
李问盈 中国农业大学 
何进 中国农业大学 
李洪文 中国农业大学 
于畅畅 中国农业大学 
中文摘要:针对现有施肥装置对有机肥肥块的破碎效果不佳,农田条施排肥难度大等问题,提出对辊差速式肥块破碎施肥方式,通过施肥辊相对转动咬合喂入,将肥块破碎的同时实现强制排肥,增大排肥率。对施肥辊齿辊尺寸、齿形及辊齿布置方式等关键部件及参数进行设计,建立肥块破碎受力模型和施肥量的理论模型,得到影响破碎力和施肥量的主要因素。利用离散元分析软件建立肥块破碎模型,通过仿真试验明确施肥装置的上置施肥辊转速、下置施肥辊转速、施肥辊中心高度差、施肥量对破碎率的影响规律;设计四因素正交旋转试验,对破碎施肥装置的作业参数进行优化,当上置施肥辊转速为238r/min、下置施肥辊转速为374r/min、两施肥辊中心高度差为71mm、施肥量为797g/s时,优化所得破碎率为80.3%,排肥率为99.2%;搭建对辊差速式破碎施肥装置试验台,对机施有机肥含水率8%~40%的4种肥块进行验证试验,试验所得的肥块破碎率分别为90.7%、80.8%、79.6%、76.9%,排肥率分别为95.6%、97.8%、98.2%、98.6%,与优化所得结果的平均误差分别为4.66%、1.66%,误差较小,表明对辊差速式块状有机肥破碎施肥装置满足施肥要求。
CHEN Guibin  WANG Qingjie  LI Wenying  HE Jin  LI Hongwen  YU Changchang
China Agricultural University
Key Words:organic fertilizer  crushing  roller differential speed  experiment
Abstract:Aiming at the problems that organic fertilizer is easy to agglomerate in long-term piling up and the existing fertilizer apparatus has poor crushing effect on block organic fertilizer,which is not conducive to mechanized deep construction and difficult to apply fertilizer by strip in farmland. The fertilization method of crushing organic fertilizer by roller differential extrusion was put forward to improve the crushing rate of farm manure,ensure the quality rate of fertilizer and improve the utilization rate of fertilizer. The fertilizer block can be broken and forced to discharge which can be realized at the same time by the relative rotation of the fertilizing roller. By building a test of roll differential extrusion fertilizer apparatus, the key parts of fertilization roller were designed, including tooth roller,tooth profile and roller tooth arrangement,force analysis model of fertilizer fragmentation and the theoretical model of fertilizer amount were set up and the main factors affecting crushing force and key parameters affecting fertilizer amount were got,and then the influence law was produced. A discrete element model of fertilizer fragmentation was built to clarify the rotation speed of upper and lower fertilizing roller of fertilization device and the height difference of the center of fertilization roller and effect of fertilizer amount on crushing rate. The orthogonal rotation experiment of multiple factors was designed to optimize the operation performance parameters of the fertilizer device. The results showed that the rotation speed of the top fertilization roller was 238r/min,the rotation speed of the lower fertilization roller was 374r/min,the height difference between the two fertilization rollers was 71mm,the crushing rate was 80.3%,and the fertilizer dropping rate was 99.2%. In the validation test,four kinds of organic fertilizer with water content ranging from 8% to 40% were selected to verify the optimized parameters. The results showed that the crushing rate was 90.7%,80.8%,79.6% and 76.9% and the fertilizer discharge rate was 95.6%,97.8%,98.2% and 98.6%, respectively. The average error between the results and the optimized results was 4.66% and 1.66%, respectively. The experimental results showed that the roller differential block type fertilizer applicator had high quality of broken fertilizer.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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