Aiming at the problems of low utilization rate of garlic sowing mechanization and inconvenient adjustment of sowing depth, an electro-hydraulic mixed garlic planter was designed. The system was mainly composed of electronically controlled seeding device, sowing depth adjustment device, parameter detection device and human-computer interaction interface. The single chip microcomputer was used as the core controller, and the speed sensor and rotary encoder were used to realize the match of plant distance and operating speed. The relationship of trench resistance and depth was analyzed to determine the key components of the hydraulic device for depth adjustment. Combined with the use of photoelectric sensors and display screen, the real-time display of operating parameters and alarm function for abnormal seeding were completed. Taking the hybrid garlic as the experiment object, the sowing depth consistency experiment, sowing quantity detection experiment and sowing quality experiment were conducted respectively. The results showed that the average error of sowing depth adjustment was 4.7%, and the coefficient of variation of sowing depth was 5.3%. The qualified rate of sowing was 83.7%, and the missed sowing rate was 6.2%, which met the agronomic requirements of garlic sowing. The average error of sowing rate detection was 4.0%, and compared with the same kind of conditions, the missed sowing rate of garlic planter with gasoline engine as the power source was reduced by 3.1 percentage points. The research results can provide a certain reference for the mechanization and automation of garlic sowing.