基于六维力传感器的机器人本体碰撞点检测研究
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国家自然科学基金项目(51505124)、河北省高等学校科学技术研究项目(ZD2020151)、河北省自然科学基金项目(E2016209312)和华北理工大学培育基金项目(JP201505)


Collision Point Detection of Robot Body Based on Six-axis Force/Torque Sensor
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    摘要:

    针对皮肤力传感器对机器人碰撞点检测的不足,提出了一种利用六维力传感器进行机器人本体碰撞点检测的方法。该方法利用传感器采集数据进行自约束,无需依赖碰撞体表面几何信息,将空间碰撞外力矢量线投影到最优平面中进行初步求解,再代入原始方程进行碰撞点的求解;引入了误差因子,以保证计算结果的绝对误差最小;在数据预处理方面,提出了一种动态力补偿算法,以保证基座处六维力传感器在机器人运动过程无外力碰撞下的读数恒为零,当传感器的数值超过一定阈值后即可认为机器人与外界发生碰撞。对本文提出的算法进行了仿真实验,结果表明,动态力补偿算法的合力最大相对误差为4.8925%,碰撞点检测算法在实验距离最远598.61mm处误差最大,为8.7119%。本文提出的动态力补偿算法的精度随碰撞点距离的增加没有明显变化,但在碰撞力一定时,随着碰撞距离的增加相对误差不断增大。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the shortcomings of the skin force sensor to detect the collision point of the robot, a method using the six-axis force/torque sensor to detect the collision point of the robot body was proposed. The sensorcollected data was used for selfconstraint, without relying on the geometric information of the collision body surface. The space collision external force vector line was firstly projected into the optimal plane for preliminary solution, and finally brought into the original equation to solve the collision point. In order to ensure that the absolute error of the calculation result was the smallest, an error factor was introduced. In terms of data preprocessing, a dynamic force compensation algorithm was proposed to ensure that the six-axis force/torque sensor at the base had a constant reading of zero when there was no external force collision during the robot movement. The robot can be considered collide with the outside world when the sensor value exceeded a certain threshold. Finally, a simulation experiment was performed on the proposed algorithm. The experimental results showed that the maximum error of the dynamic force compensation algorithm was 4.8925%, and the collision point detection algorithm had the largest error at the experimental distance of 598.61mm, which was 8.7119%. The experimental results showed that the accuracy of the proposed dynamic force compensation algorithm was not changed significantly as the distance of the collision point was increased, but the relative error of the collision point detection algorithm was increased with the increase of the collision distance when the collision force was constant.

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王志军,刘璐,李占贤.基于六维力传感器的机器人本体碰撞点检测研究[J].农业机械学报,2021,52(7):395-401,410.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-09-04
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-07-10
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