The plot breeding seeder is a special seeder, which is used in field experiments such as cultivating new variety, breeding improved variety and variety comparisons. The current situation of the development of plot breeding industry and development level of plot breeding mechanization in China were briefly described. The sowing technology and mechanical development history of plot breeding was reviewed. Based on the characteristics of plot-sowing and combining the current different seeding agronomy requirements of different crop varieties, the core technology and working principle of plot-sowing under the existing drill and precision seeding modes were explained in detail. The main structure, composition form and operation mode of plot breeding drill and precision seeding technology was summarized, which included the current cutting-edge technology and key structures of practical applications in domestic and foreign, such as seed feeding, seed metering, ditching, soil covering, compacting, automatic control, plot localization mode, automatic monitoring and recording, etc. Through analysis of development of the current plot-sowing machinery in domestic and foreign, the main typical research achievements of plot-sowing technology and machinery in China were listed. The development prospect combined with China’s national conditions of plot-sowing mechanization was proposed in three aspects, which were the optimization and innovation of seeding technology, the improvement of mechanical processing quality as well as the high-tech integration.