In order to design and develop the field variable operation manure spreader based on crop realtime sensor, the research on the centrifugal disc spreader was carried out. Considering the structure and mechanism of the designed centrifugal disc spreader, the three key influence parameters were selected, which were spreading height, disc blade inclination angle and fertilizer drop position angle, and the influence on the uniformity of spreading of the double disc centrifugal spreader was analyzed. Based on the experiments designed by DesignExpert software, the response surface analysis tests and single factor orthogonal tests were carried out. Finally, the influence of various factors on the uniformity of spreading was analyzed. The response surface analysis test results showed that the magnitude of the influence of each factor on the distribution coefficient of variation was the blanking position angle, the spreading height, and the blade position angle after optimization of parameters, the fertilizer distribution coefficient of variation was the smallest, which was 9.95%, when the spreading height was 6880cm, the blanking position angle was 60°, and the blade position angle was 29.63°. The verification test showed that the average value of the predicted distribution coefficient of variation was 9.95%, the average value of the test value was 18.93%, and the average relative error was 47.26%. The results of single factor orthogonal test showed that under the single factor change, the distribution of fertilizer mass was changed obviously. When only the position of the blade was changed, the height of the spreading, the angle of the blanking, and the position angle of the blade were 70cm, 30° and 22.5°, respectively, the coefficient of variation of fertilizer distribution was the smallest, which was 22.87%. When only the height of spreading was changed, the height of spreading, the angle of the blanking, and the position angle of the blade were 80cm, 30° and 22.5°, respectively, the coefficient of variation of fertilizer distribution was the smallest， which was 1726%. When only the angle of the blanking was changed, the height of spreading, the angle of the blanking, and the position angle of the blade were 80cm, 60° and 22.5°, respectively, the coefficient of variation of fertilizer distribution was the smallest，which was 15.76%. Based on the test results, theoretical guidance can be provided for initialization system parameter setting of the variable fertilizer spreader, the improvement of the variable fertilizer application equipment, the performance optimization and the field operation.