郑健,殷李高,朱传远,马静,张平安.施用沼液对设施番茄生长与土壤生态环境的影响[J].农业机械学报,2019,50(10):278-288.
ZHENG Jian,YIN Ligao,ZHU Chuanyuan,MA Jing,ZHANG Ping`an.Effects of Digestate on Tomato Growth and Soil Ecological Environment in Greenhouse[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(10):278-288.
摘要点击次数: 1348
全文下载次数: 877
施用沼液对设施番茄生长与土壤生态环境的影响   [下载全文]
Effects of Digestate on Tomato Growth and Soil Ecological Environment in Greenhouse   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2019-03-15  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.10.032
中文关键词:  设施番茄  产量  品质  土壤理化环境  土壤生物学特性  沼液
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(51509122)、甘肃省高等学校科技成果转化项目(2018D-04)、甘肃省自然科学基金项目(18JR3RA154)、杨凌示范区产学研用协同创新重大计划项目(2018CXY-14)和兰州理工大学红柳一流学科建设项目
作者单位
郑健 兰州理工大学
甘肃省生物质能与太阳能互补供能系统重点实验室 
殷李高 兰州理工大学 
朱传远 兰州理工大学 
马静 兰州理工大学 
张平安 兰州理工大学 
中文摘要:为探求番茄全生育期施用沼液对其生长及土壤环境的影响,系统研究了沼液配比及灌溉量对番茄农艺性状、品质、产量、土壤理化环境和土壤生物学特性的影响。结果表明:T3处理(沼液配比1〖DK〗∶4,作物-皿系数(Kc)为10)番茄的株高、茎粗和单株叶面积均为各处理最大,分别比纯水处理(C0)高24.11%、15.59%和33.92%。与C0处理相比,灌施沼液可以增加番茄产量、改善番茄品质和口味,T2处理(沼液配比1〖DK〗∶4,Kc为0.8)能够获得最高产量、最高的维生素C及可溶性总糖含量。灌施沼液可以降低土壤容重和土壤pH值,增大土壤总孔隙度及土壤饱和导水率,灌施沼液各处理土壤有机质含量随土层深度呈先增加后降低的趋势。灌施沼液还可以增加各生育期内细菌、真菌、放线菌数量,其中土壤细菌、真菌数量均表现出自苗期到果实膨大期呈增加趋势,阈值出现在果实膨大期,而后逐渐降低,放线菌数量自苗期到果实成熟期呈逐渐增加的趋势,阈值出现在果实成熟期。施用沼液各处理土壤中过氧化氢酶、蔗糖酶、脲酶的活性在番茄生育期内分别表现为持续增大、先增加后降低和先降低后上升的变化规律,阈值分别出现在果实成熟期和果实膨大期、开花结果期。综合分析试验结果,T2处理更有利于番茄的生长、产量品质的形成以及土壤环境的改善。
ZHENG Jian  YIN Ligao  ZHU Chuanyuan  MA Jing  ZHANG Ping`an
Lanzhou University of Technology;Key Laboratory of the System of Biomass Energy and Solar Energy Complementary Energy Supply System in Gansu,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou University of Technology and Lanzhou University of Technology
Key Words:facility tomato  yield  quality  soil physicochemical environment  soil biological characteristics  digestate
Abstract:To explore the effects of digestate application on tomato growth and soil environment during the whole growing period of crop, the influences of digestate application ratio and irrigation amounts on tomato agronomic characteristics, quality, yield, soil physical, chemical environment and biological characteristics were systematically studied. The results showed that the plant height, stem diameter and leaf area of T3 treatment (digestate ratio was 1∶4, and crop pan coefficient (Kc) was 10) were the greatest, which were 24.11%, 15.59% and 33.92% higher than those of treatment C0 irrigated with water only, respectively. The application of digestate can increase the yield, quality and taste of tomato, in which the treatment of T2 (digestate ratio was 1∶4, and Kc was 0.8) obtained the highest vitamin C and total soluble sugar content. Meanwhile, digestate application can decrease the soil bulk density and pH value, and subsequently increase the soil total porosity and saturated hydraulic conductivity. The content of soil organic matter was firstly increased and then decreased with the increase of soil depth in treatments applied with digestate. Furthermore, the application of digestate can also increase the number of bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes in each growth period of tomato, in which the quantity of soil bacteria and fungi presented an increase trend from seedling stage to fruit swelling stage, where they reached the peak value and then decreased, while the peak value of actinomycetes quantities appeared at fruit ripening stage. The activities of catalase, invertase and urease in the soil of tomato root zone presented the trend of increase continuously, first increase and then decrease, and first decrease and then increase during the whole growth period, and the peak value of them appeared at fruit ripening stage, fruit enlargement stage, flowering and fruiting stage, respectively. T2 treatment was more conducive to tomato growth when the agronomic traits, quality and yield, and soil biological characteristics of tomato were comprehensively analyzed.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

   下载PDF阅读器