拖拉机遥操作系统优化与性能试验
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江苏省科技计划项目(BK20151436)和江苏高校“青蓝工程”项目


Optimization and Performance Experiments of Teleoperation System for Tractors
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    摘要:

    为改善农田作业者的工作环境、降低其劳动强度,课题组前期设计了一套基于无线网络的拖拉机遥操作系统,并通过试验验证了系统的可行性,但是该系统因采用单线程技术存在数据拥堵、人机交互界面通过鼠标按键操作存在误操作隐患、且不符合驾驶习惯等问题。为此,开展基于原有硬件条件的多线程技术与基于集成操纵装置的人机交互系统的拖拉机遥操作系统的优化与改进设计,进行随动性能试验与直线行驶、直角转弯、蛇行驾驶试〖JP2〗验,以验证优化后系统的综合操作性能。试验表明,优化后的遥操作系统随动控制精度良好,指令执行时延在60ms内;在拖拉机行驶速度为317km/h时,〖JP〗直线行驶最大误差绝对值不超过1053mm,RMS误差最大不超过601mm;直角转弯执行精度较第1代系统有明显改善;蛇行轨迹与驾驶员实际驾驶时差别不大;总体遥操作驾驶体验良好。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the working conditions of drivers, a wireless network based teleoperation system for tractors was designed before, and the feasibility of the system was verified through several experiments. The system was optimized in two ways to further enhance the usability of the system. First of all, a multithreading programming, including a data reading thread and a data processing thread was used to replace single threading programming in the first generation teleoperation system under unchanged hardware conditions, because the first system based on single threading programming had relatively slow response, which cannot fully meet the realtime requirements. Then, a new user interface with a steering wheel manipulator was designed to provide operators more realistic driving experiences, because the first user interface used many buttons to manipulate, which made operation inconvenient and misoperation sometimes. Finally, tests were carried out to detect performances of the optimized system. Results showed that control commands were executed with a delay of no more than 60ms and the maximum absolute error was no more than 1053mm when the tractor was driven along a straight line at speed of 317km/h by the optimized system, with maximum RMS error of 601mm. Compared with the first generation teleoperation system, the precision of right angle turn was improved obviously for the optimized system. When the slalom test was carried out on the teleoperated tractor, there was little difference whether the driver operated in the tractor or operated remotely. Overall, the optimized system provided better remote driving experiences for operators. 

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薛金林,闫嘉,夏成楷,邹军,杨学斌.拖拉机遥操作系统优化与性能试验[J].农业机械学报,2019,50(8):386-393.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-02-22
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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-08-10
  • 出版日期: 2019-08-10