随动式残膜回收螺旋清杂装置设计与试验
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农业部公益性行业科研专项(201503105)


Design and Experiment on Spiral Impurity Cleaning Device for Profile Modeling Residual Plastic Film Collector
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    摘要:

    针对目前残膜回收含杂率高的问题,根据随动式残膜回收秸秆粉碎联合作业机工作原理,提出了一种螺旋清杂装置。阐述了该装置的结构组成和工作原理,对其关键部件双向螺旋输送器进行了分析和参数设计。利用EDEM软件建立了棉秆-土壤-螺旋清杂装置的三维离散元模型,模拟仿真了棉秆和土壤混合颗粒的清理输送过程,以螺旋清杂装置结构参数螺距系数、螺旋叶片直径和出料口间隙为试验因素,以平均颗粒速度、平均纵向颗粒速度、质量流率及旋转轴总力矩为试验指标进行正交仿真试验,分析了3个试验因素对各项指标影响的显著性及主次顺序,试验结果显示螺旋清杂装置最优参数组合为:螺距200mm,螺旋叶片直径200mm,出料口直径220mm。在该参数组合下制作螺旋清杂装置,与随动式残膜回收秸秆粉碎联合作业机进行装配,并进行了性能试验,结果显示清杂装置清理棉秆、土壤等杂质效果符合设计要求,回收残膜平均膜杂分离率为89.51%。

    Abstract:

    As a kind of recyclable material, the residual film can be recycled and the pollution can be reduced only by separating the residual film from the impurity. However, the residual film, cotton core, cotton rod and other impurities after mechanical recovery are entangled seriously. So it is difficult to separate them, even to make use of resources. Direct incineration or centralized stacking of recovered residual film results in great waste of resources and serious secondary pollution. In order to solve the problem of high impurity content in waste film recovery, a spiral impurity cleaning device was put forward according to the working principle of the profile mode residual film collecting straw crushing combined machine. The structure and working principle of the spiral impurity cleaning device were introduced. The key parts of the device were analyzed and the parameters were designed. The three-dimensional discrete element model of cotton rod, soil and spiral impurity cleaning device was established by using EDEM software. The cleaning and conveying process of cotton rod and soil mixed particles was simulated. Taking the structure parameter pitch, the diameter of helical blade and outlet clearance of the spiral impurity cleaning device as test variables, orthogonal simulation experiments were carried out with mean particle velocity, average longitudinal particle velocity, mass flow rate and total helical axis torque as dependent variables. The influence of three test factors on each index was analyzed, and the order of primary and secondary factors was analyzed. The test results showed that the optimum parameter combination of the spiral impurity cleaning device was as follows: screw pitch was 200mm, screw blade diameter was 200mm, and outlet diameter was 220mm. Under the combination of these parameters, the device was made and assembled with the profile mode residual film recovery straw pulverizing machine. A performance test was carried out in the cotton field. The results showed that the cleaning effect of cotton rod and soil by the equipment was in accordance with the design requirements, and residual film and impurity separation rate was 89.51%.

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蒋德莉,陈学庚,颜利民,莫毅松,杨松梅.随动式残膜回收螺旋清杂装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2019,50(4):137-145.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-09-26
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  • 在线发布日期: 2019-04-10
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