尹文庆,赵璐,李骅,胡飞,於海明.气力槽轮组合式蔬菜精密排种器吸嘴型孔设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2019,50(4):68-76,136.
YIN Wenqing,ZHAO Lu,LI Hua,HU Fei,YU Haiming.Design and Experiment on Suction Nozzle Type Hole of Pneumatic-sheave Combined Vegetable Precision Metering Device[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(4):68-76,136.
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气力槽轮组合式蔬菜精密排种器吸嘴型孔设计与试验   [下载全文]
Design and Experiment on Suction Nozzle Type Hole of Pneumatic-sheave Combined Vegetable Precision Metering Device   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2019-01-03  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.008
中文关键词:  蔬菜种子  精密排种器  吸嘴型孔  试验
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0701300)
作者单位
尹文庆 南京农业大学 
赵璐 南京农业大学 
李骅 南京农业大学 
胡飞 南京农业大学 
於海明 南京农业大学 
中文摘要:针对蔬菜品种多、种子差异大的特点,设计了一种气力槽轮组合式精密排种器,以满足多种蔬菜种子类型精密播种的需求。设计的精密排种器采用二级排种方式,第一级采用小结构槽轮排种器进行排种,第二级采用负压吸种、正压投种的气力排种器进行排种;运用三维激光扫描及三维点云计算方法,测量了青菜、萝卜和茄子种子的三轴尺寸,并以此为依据,设计了直孔、锥形孔、圆柱孔、腰圆孔等多种吸嘴型孔;以气室真空度、排种盘转速及吸嘴型孔类型为变量进行了3种种子的排种性能试验。对气室真空度采用单因素试验,试验结果表明:适宜青菜、萝卜、茄子排种的气室真空度分别为4、5、3kPa;对排种盘转速及吸嘴型孔类型采用完全组合试验,试验结果表明:排种盘转速为17.5~22.5r/min时3种种子的排种性能较好,尤其在20r/min时3种种子的排种合格率均达到最高。适宜青菜、萝卜、茄子排种的吸嘴型孔分别为:锥形孔、腰圆孔和直孔,在最优真空度及转速条件下排种合格率分别达到97.0%、95.4%、93.7%,满足播种指标要求。
YIN Wenqing  ZHAO Lu  LI Hua  HU Fei  YU Haiming
Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing Agricultural University and Nanjing Agricultural University
Key Words:vegetable seed  precision metering device  suction nozzle type hole  experiment
Abstract:Precise seeding technology has become an important direction of vegetable seeder development. Considering the characteristics of multi-varieties and large differences in vegetable seeds, the requirements for sowing are also different. According to the above practical problems,a pneumatic-sheave combined precision metering device was designed which owned advantages such as simple structure and suitable for various vegetable seeds. The precision metering device adopted a two-stage seeding mode. The small grooved wheel seeding device adopted for the first part, negative pressure to adsorb seeds and positive pressure to remove seeds were adopted for the second part. Three-dimensional laser scanning and three-dimensional point cloud calculation method were used to measure the three-axis size of pakchoi, radish and eggplant seeds. Based on these data, several shapes of suction nozzles such as through hole, conical hole, cylindrical hole and kidney ellipsoid hole were designed. The single-factor test was used to obtain the best chamber vacuum for seeder. By applying the single factor text for vacuum degree, optimal result showed that most suitable vacuum degrees for pakchoi, radish and eggplant were 4kPa, 5kPa and 3kPa, respectively. The optimal metering tray speed and suction nozzle type hole were obtained by the complete combination test. The result showed that when the rotational speed of the metering tray was 17.5~22.5r/min, the metering device qualified rate was high, especially at 20r/min. The suction nozzle type holes suitable for pakchoi, radish and eggplant were conical holes, kidney ellipsoid hole and through hole, respectively. Under the optimal suction nozzle, vacuum and rotational speed conditions, the qualified rates of pakchoi, radish and eggplant were 97.0%, 95.4% and 93.7%, respectively, which could completely meet the requirement of seeding index.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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