施印炎,罗伟文,胡志超,吴峰,顾峰玮,陈有庆.全量秸秆粉碎条铺与种带分型清秸装置设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2019,50(4):58-67.
SHI Yinyan,LUO Weiwen,HU Zhichao,WU Feng,GU Fengwei,CHEN Youqing.Design and Test of Equipment for Straw Crushing with Strip-laying and Seed-belt Classification with Cleaning under Full Straw Mulching[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2019,50(4):58-67.
摘要点击次数: 1813
全文下载次数: 1339
全量秸秆粉碎条铺与种带分型清秸装置设计与试验   [下载全文]
Design and Test of Equipment for Straw Crushing with Strip-laying and Seed-belt Classification with Cleaning under Full Straw Mulching   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2018-10-30  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2019.04.007
中文关键词:  秸秆粉碎还田  种带清秸  行间覆秸
基金项目:江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目(CX(17)1002)
作者单位
施印炎 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 
罗伟文 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 
胡志超 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 
吴峰 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 
顾峰玮 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 
陈有庆 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 
中文摘要:为全面实现秸秆禁烧还田资源化利用,针对长江中下游稻麦轮作区秸秆量大、传统秸秆粉碎还田机后茬作物播种难、缠秸增阻、功耗高等问题,结合江苏地区稻茬地小麦播种农艺要求,利用动刀高速反转捡拾粉碎功能形成秸秆流充斥型腔,设计了一种全量秸秆粉碎条铺与种带分型清秸装置,可一次完成秸秆粉碎、行间覆秸、种带清秸以及配套后续种床整理、施肥播种、覆土镇压等复式作业工序。对秸秆捡拾粉碎装置、分流调控装置、传动系统等关键部件进行理论分析,确定相关结构和位置参数,以旋转刀轴转速n、导流板径向距离τ、整机行走速度v为性能试验影响因素,选取碎秸合格率ε1和种带清秸率ε2为评价指标,设计三因素三水平正交试验。结果表明:影响评价指标ε1、ε2显著性的主次因素分别为n、v、τ和τ、v、n,综合分析选择较优的因素水平组合为n=2000r/min、τ=20mm、v=1.0m/s,此时ε1=93.42%、ε2=92.71%,能够发挥整机最佳工作性能;田间验证试验结果表明:较优的因素水平组合下ε1均值为91.25%、ε2均值为90.54%,符合相关行业技术标准和农艺要求。
SHI Yinyan  LUO Weiwen  HU Zhichao  WU Feng  GU Fengwei  CHEN Youqing
Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs and Nanjing Research Institute for Agricultural Mechanization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs
Key Words:straw chopping and returning  seed-belt cleaning  row-spacing stacking
Abstract:Crop straw non-burning and returning has become one of the most important moves for comprehensive realization of straw resource utilization. Aimed at problems of large quantity of straw stalks, difficult sowing of later crops, wrapped straw and high-power consumption by using traditional straw crushing-returning machine for rice and wheat rotation region in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river, straw crushing and seed-belt classification machine under full straw mulching was developed in combination with the agronomic requirements of wheat seeding in rice-stubble field in Jiangsu Province. One trip to the field, it can complete the multiple operation processes of straw-stubble crushing, row-spacing stacking, seed-belt cleaning, and the follow-up seed bed treating, fertilizer sowing, soil covering and suppressing, etc. Key components such as straw pickup-chopping device, guide-adjusting device and transmission route system were designed and analyzed theoretically to determine the relevant structure and position parameters. Three-factor and three-level orthogonal performance test was carried out with setting rotation spindle speed n(A), guider radial distance τ(B) and machine ground speed v(C) as the influence factors, straw crushed rate ε1 and stubble cleaned rate ε2 as the evaluation indexes. It can be known from the orthogonal test that the importance order of the factors which affecting ε1 was A, C and B, and that affecting ε2 was B, C and A, the comprehensive choice optimum combination of working parameters was A2B2C2, that was n=2000r/min, τ=20mm,v=1.0m/s, and ε1=93.42%,ε2=92.71%, the machine reached the best working performance. Field validation tests under optimum parameter combination showed that the average ε1 and ε2 were 91.25% and 90.54%, respectively, which satisfied the technical standards and agronomy requirements. The research results can provide technical and equipment support for the realization of straw non-burning and fertilization utilization, which had considerable production and application prospects.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

   下载PDF阅读器