程强,徐嫱,陈超,孙宇瑞,王忠义,薛绪掌.越冬期麦田地表蒸散量估算模型适用性分析与参数修正[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(10):317-325.
CHENG Qiang,XU Qiang,CHEN Chao,SUN Yurui,WANG Zhongyi,XUE Xuzhang.Applicable Analysis and Parameter Modification of Evapotranspiration Models during Wintertime[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(10):317-325.
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越冬期麦田地表蒸散量估算模型适用性分析与参数修正   [下载全文]
Applicable Analysis and Parameter Modification of Evapotranspiration Models during Wintertime   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2018-01-03  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2018.10.036
中文关键词:  麦田  越冬期  地表蒸散量  适用性  参数修正
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(31501231)、北京市优秀人才培养(青年骨干个人)项目(2015000020124G124)和北京市农林科学院创新能力建设专项(KJCX20151411)
作者单位
程强 中国农业大学 
徐嫱 中国农业大学 
陈超 中国农业大学 
孙宇瑞 中国农业大学 
王忠义 中国农业大学 
薛绪掌 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 
中文摘要:地表蒸散量是作物需水量估算以及农田水管理的重要依据。越冬期农田地表蒸散过程改变了土壤内部水热参数分布,进而影响春季作物的生长状况。本文对Penman-Monteith(PM)模型、Priestley-Taylor(PT)模型和Simultaneous heat and water(SHAW)模型在越冬期麦田地表蒸散量估算精度及适用性进行分析与评价,并针对冬季土壤冻结的特殊情况对模型参数进行了修正。麦田试验采集了北京市昌平区2011—2012年和2012—2013年2个冬季的气象参数与实际蒸散量。通过对比3种模型默认或经验参数下的估算值与实际测量值发现:PT模型对蒸散量的估算精度最高(PT、PM、SHAW模型RMSE分别为0.159、0.697、0.390mm),PM和PT模型的估算整体高于实际测量值,其原因在于冬季地表经历了固-液相变和气-液相变两个过程。为了提高估算精度,在PT和PM模型中引入水分胁迫系数,并利用第1年冬季的数据对3种模型参数进行修正,结果表明,修正后的PM模型(2011—2012年RMSE为0.159mm)和SHAW模型(2011—2012年RMSE为0.280mm)对蒸散量的估算精度都有明显提高。将参数修正后的模型用于预测2012—2013年冬季的地表蒸散量,结果表明:3种修正模型的估算精度均较高(PT、PM、SHAW模型RMSE分别为0.267、0.252、0.253mm)。相比之下,PT模型的计算最为简单,所需数据最少,因此,在估算越冬期麦田地表蒸散量时,可优先选择PT模型。
CHENG Qiang  XU Qiang  CHEN Chao  SUN Yurui  WANG Zhongyi  XUE Xuzhang
China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University and Beijing Research Centre of Intelligent Equipment for Agricultural
Key Words:wheat field  wintertime  surface evapotranspiration  applicability  parameter modification
Abstract:Field evapotranspiration is an important parameter for crop water requirements estimation and farmland water management, which affects the distribution of soil water and heat parameters during the wintertime and potentially affects crop growth in next spring. So far, Penman-Monteith (PM) model, Priestley-Taylor (PT) model and simultaneous heat and water (SHAW) model are widely used for surface evapotranspiration estimation. However, only the SHAW model is used for the estimation of surface evapotranspiration in wintertime, and the applicability of PM and PT models in the winter still needs to be verified. The accuracy and applicability of the above three models were analyzed and evaluated for estimating surface evapotranspiration in wheat fields overwinter. Parameters in models were modified by considering the latent heat during water-ice phase change. Meteorological parameters and actual evapotranspiration during the winter of 2011—2012 and 2012—2013 were collected in an experimental field, Changping County, Beijing, China. The estimated values using the default or empirical parameters of the three models were compared with the actual measured values, showing that the accuracy of PT model for evapotranspiration was the highest (RMSE was 0.159mm for the PT model, 0.697mm for the PM model and 0.390mm for the SHAW model), but PM and PT models overestimated the evapotranspiration, which were attributed to the solid-liquid and gas-liquid phase changes of soil surface. In order to improve the accuracy of the estimation, a water stress coefficient in the PT and PM models was introduced to modify the three model parameters by using the data of the first year of winter. The results showed that the estimated accuracies of evapotranspiration were significantly improved by the modified PM model (RMSE was 0.159mm during 2011—2012) and the SHAW model (RMSE was 0.280mm during 2011—2012). The modified models were used to estimate the surface evapotranspiration in the winter of 2012—2013. The results showed that the accuracy of the three models remained high and acceptable (RMSE was 0.267mm for PT model, 0.252mm for PM model and 0.253mm for SHAW model). In comparison, the PT model had a simple form and required less parameter input. Therefore, the PT model can be preferentially chosen when estimating surface evapotranspiration during wintertime.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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