大田玉米水分胁迫指数经验模型建立方法
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国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC0403203)、自治区科技支疆项目(2016E02105)、西北农林科技大学学科重点建设项目


Establishing Method of Crop Water Stress Index Empirical Model of Field Maize
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    摘要:

    作物水分胁迫指数(Crop water stress index,CWSI)经验模型的建立与气候和种植条件密切相关。以内蒙古自治区鄂尔多斯市达拉特旗大田玉米为对象,研究了CWSI的最优经验模型。玉米在营养生长阶段(Vegetative stage,V期)、生殖期(Reproductive stage,R期)和成熟期(Maturation stage,M期)分别进行不同灌溉水平的处理,采用红外测温传感器采集玉米冠层温度。分别结合田间和实验地旁标准气象站空气温湿度数据建立了CWSI经验模型的无水分胁迫基线。基于2种无水分胁迫基线,分别利用饱和水汽压梯度获取的无蒸腾作用基线和5℃无蒸腾作用基线建立了4种CWSI经验模型,得出反映大田玉米水分胁迫状况的关系曲线,并进行对比。结果表明,基于实验地旁标准气象站空气温湿度数据建立的CWSI经验模型具有很大的波动性,并不能很好反映玉米的水分胁迫状况,其值常常超出正常范围(0~1)。而基于田间空气温湿度数据建立的CWSI经验模型则可以很好地监测内蒙古自治区大田玉米水分胁迫状况,M期3种不同水分处理100%、52%和28%具有较好的CWSI数值梯度,分别为0.03、0.14和0.32。相比于基于饱和水汽压梯度获取的无蒸腾作用基线,以5℃作为无蒸腾作用基线时得到的CWSI数值较小,可以较好地反映水分胁迫状况,对应上述M期3种不同水分处理CWSI值分别为0.02、0.10和0.22,具有较为合理的梯度。经过初步检验和分析,认为基于田间空气温湿度数据建立的CWSI经验模型较为合理,可以有效监测大田玉米水分胁迫状况。

    Abstract:

    The establishment of crop water stress index (CWSI) empirical model was closely related to climate and planting condition. Filed maize CWSI empirical model was established in Dalat Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia, trying to get the best empirical model. Different irrigation strategies were applied in the vegetative stage (V), reproductive stage (R) and maturation stage (M), respectively. Maize canopy temperature was obtained by infrared thermometry. Air temperature and humidity were acquired in the field and the adjacent standard weather station, respectively. Firstly, two CWSI lower lines was built, combined with maize canopy temperature, and based on field and weather station air temperature and humidity. And then based on the above CWSI lower lines, four CWSI empirical models were established with 5℃ as the CWSI upper line or using the saturated vapor pressure gradient (VPG) to get the CWSI upper line, respectively. Results showed that CWSI empirical model based on weather station air temperature and humidity was very volatile, its value always beyond the normal range of 0~1, which can not reflect the water stress status of maize. However, CWSI empirical model based on filed air temperature and humidity monitored the water stress status well. CWSI value of three different treatments of 100%, 52% and 28% in M stage were 0.03, 0.14 and 0.32, respectively, having good numerical gradient. The CWSI values, using 5℃ as the upper line, were smaller, compared with the CWSI values using the upper line based on VPG, which could reflect the water stress status well. The CWSI values in M stage were 0.02, 0.10 and 0.22, respectively, with a reasonable numerical gradient. After preliminary analysis, it was considered that the CWSI empirical model based on filed air temperature and humidity was reasonable and could effectively monitor the water stress status of filed maize in Dalat Banner, Ordos City, Inner Mongolia.

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张立元,牛亚晓,韩文霆,刘治开.大田玉米水分胁迫指数经验模型建立方法[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(5):233-239.

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  • 收稿日期:2017-11-01
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-05-10
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