In order to research the distribution rule and influence factors of soil water repellency of rocky mountain area of northern China, the Guishui River Basin was taken as an example, the field investigation and lab analysis was carried out. Totally 385 soil samples of 9 different vegetation types were collected and the change rule between water drop penetration time (WDPT) with the factors of soil organic content, pH value, and mass fractal dimension and soil particle specific surface area was analyzed by the system. The research results showed that the order of soil water repellency degree was forest lands, shrubbery, open forest land, orchard, high coverage grassland, dryland, medium and low coverage grass land and beach land. The WDPT in northwest, northeast and southeast mountains of the basin was bigger, and in central basin was smaller in spatial distribution, meanwhile, the WDPT in soil surface was the most, intermediate was the second, and deep layers was the least in vertical direction. The WDPT had a positive correlation with the organic content, and it had an inverse correlation with pH value, mass fractal dimension and specific surface area. The pH value was the main influencing factor of WDPT for forest lands, shrubbery, orchard and high coverage grassland. The organic content was the major influence factor of WDPT for dryland, medium and low coverage grass land. For open forest land, the specific surface area was the principal influence factor of WDPT, and the mass fractal dimension was the major influence factor of WDPT for beach land．