In order to solve the problem that the widely used hydraulic driving system only can output one characteristic, a theory of proportional type multi-pump and multi-speed motor driving system was presented based on proportional type of multi-pump and multi-speed motor. Multi-pump can output multi flows, to work in different pressures without a reducing valve, and multi-speed motor can output multi speeds and torques. Two proportional type multi-pump and multi-speed motor driving systems were designed based on describing the structure and working principle of the multi-pump and multi-speed motor, and the features of the two new driving system were introduced, the output characteristics of the two driving system in different working ways were analyzed theoretically, the effects of the displacement coefficient on the driving system were also discussed. The outputting speeds and torques of the new hydraulic driving system in different working ways were obtained through expanding the output characteristic of this system. The experimental platform of proportional type multi-pump and multi-speed motor driving system was built. The result showed that this driving system can output multi speeds and torques through controlling the working ways of the multi-pump and multi-speed motor, and each level of speeds and torques was related to the displacement coefficient. The research on the proportional type multi-pump and multi-speed motor driving system established a basis for its design and application.