With the improvement of people’s living standard, the requirement of rice quality becomes increasingly high. In the process of rice planting, the using amount of herbicide should be reduced. In order to reduce the using amount of herbicide, the mechanical weeding is the most timesaving and forcesaving way. Japan is in the leading level for mechanical weeding technology, but the soil conditions are different between Japan and China, even in China, the soil is different for different provinces and areas. In addition, the edges of paddy field do not have steering areas for weeders in China. Therefore, single row and double row weeding machines with compact structure and light weight are more suitable for operation in China. The weeds were buried and picked out though the rotation of driving and driven weeding wheel for double row paddy field weeding machine. Structure model of driving weeding wheel was established, the design formulas of the structure parameters of the radius, width, speed, rake tooth and so on were developed for driving weeding wheel, and the design principles of the structural parameters for driven weeding wheel and limit deep plate were obtained through the analysis of characteristics of rice seedlings, grass root and structural requirements, which provided references for design of driven weeding wheel and limit deep plate. The mechanical models for driving weeding wheel, driven weeding wheel and the frame and limit deep plate were established, the driving moment of driving weeding wheel was deduced. According to the analysis of the structure model, mechanical model and agronomic technical parameters, the relevant parameters were determined as: the radius of driving weeding wheel was 0.15m, the radius of driven weeding wheel was 0.1m, the rotation speed of driving weeding wheel was 0.6r/s, the number of rake tooth was 6, the length of rake tooth was 0.12 m, the driving moment was 27N·m, the engine was 1.25kW with single cylinder two stroke, the maingear box was RV40 worm gear reducer. The field test and performance experiment were carried out for the developed double row paddy field weeding machine, the results showed that the weeding quality was good for double row paddy field weeding machine, which can meet the needs of agricultural technical indicators.