吴娟,何胜洲,李国学,李朝晖,包一凡,梁英.添加过磷酸钙的猪粪堆肥污染气体减排工艺优化[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(5):304-312.
WU Juan,HE Shengzhou,LI Guoxue,LI Zhaohui,BAO Yifan,LIANG Ying.Process Optimization of Pollutant Gases Emission Reduction with Superphosphate Addition during Pig Manure Composting[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(5):304-312.
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添加过磷酸钙的猪粪堆肥污染气体减排工艺优化   [下载全文]
Process Optimization of Pollutant Gases Emission Reduction with Superphosphate Addition during Pig Manure Composting   [Download Pdf][in English]
投稿时间:2017-02-28  
DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.038
中文关键词:  过磷酸钙  堆肥  工艺参数  温室气体  减排
基金项目:国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0800600—01)和农业部绒毛用羊产业体系生产与环境控制研究室粪污处理与利用项目
作者单位
吴娟 中国农业大学
包头市环境监测站 
何胜洲 中国农业大学 
李国学 中国农业大学 
李朝晖 包头市环境监测站 
包一凡 包头市环境监测站 
梁英 包头市环境监测站 
中文摘要:过磷酸钙作为农业生产中常用肥料添加到堆肥中一方面能够显著降低堆肥过程中氨挥发,减少甲烷、氧化亚氮等温室气体的排放,另一方面可以提高磷的生物有效性,对于降低堆肥环境污染风险提高堆肥品质具有重要意义。为研究不同工艺参数对堆肥污染气体排放的影响,研究了添加过磷酸钙条件下不同通风率(0.12、0.24、0.36L/(kg·min))、含水率(55%、60%、65%)和碳氮比(15、18、21)对堆肥典型污染气体CO2、CH4、NH3和N2O排放的影响。结果表明:含水率65%和通风率0.36L/(kg·min)条件下会显著降低过磷酸钙的固氮效果,低通风率更有利于减少NH3挥发控制氮素损失。过磷酸钙能够有效控制猪粪堆肥N2O的排放,低通风率有利于堆肥高温期N2O减排。过磷酸钙对CH4的减排效果显著,受工艺参数影响较小。不同工艺参数均不会影响添加过磷酸钙堆肥达到稳定和腐熟,从CO2、CH4、NH3和N2O总温室效应减排效果来看,含水率60%、通风率0.12L/(kg·min)、碳氮比18是最优堆肥工艺参数方案。
WU Juan  HE Shengzhou  LI Guoxue  LI Zhaohui  BAO Yifan  LIANG Ying
China Agricultural University;Environmental Monitoring Station of Baotou,China Agricultural University,China Agricultural University,Environmental Monitoring Station of Baotou,Environmental Monitoring Station of Baotou and Environmental Monitoring Station of Baotou
Key Words:superphosphate  compost  process parameters  greenhouse gas  emission reduction
Abstract:Superphosphate is used as additive to reduce ammonia (NH3), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions during composting, while the availability of phosphorus can be increased. It is an effective way for environmental risk reduction and compost quality improvement. Based on different process parameters significantly influenced pollutant gases production, effects of different aeration rates (AR: 0.12L/(kg·min),0.24L/(kg·min),0.36L/(kg·min)), moisture contents (MC: 55%, 60%, 65%) and C/N ratios (15, 18, 21) on CO2, CH4, NH3 and N2O emissions during pig manure composting were studied with superphosphate addition (10% dry matter of initial raw material). The results showed that the nitrogen fixation capability of superphosphate was obviously reduced by AR of 0.36L/(kg·min), and AR of 0.12L/(kg·min) was the best for NH3 emission reduction. With superphosphate addition, it showed an effective control on N2O emission and significant reduction on CH4 production in all treatments. N2O production could be further decreased with AR of 0.12L/(kg·min) during thermophilic phase of pig manure composting. However, CH4 and N2O generations could be promoted with MC of 65%. All process parameters showed no negative effect on compost stability and maturity in 35d composting. During pig manure composting with superphosphate addition, the recommended parameters with the lowest greenhouse effect of CO2, CH4, NH3 and N2O were MC of 60%, AR of 0.12L/(kg·min) and C/N ratio of 18.

Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agriculture Machinery (CSAM), in charged of China Association for Science and Technology (CAST), sponsored by CSAM and Chinese Academy of Agricultural Mechanization Science(CAAMS), started publication in 1957. It is the earliest interdisciplinary journal in Chinese which combines agricultural and engineering. It always closely grasps the development direction of agriculture engineering disciplines and the published papers represent the highest academic level of agriculture engineering in China. Currently, nearly 8,000 papers have been already published. There are around 3,000 papers contributed to the journal each year, but only around 600 of them will be accepted. Transactions of CSAM focuses on a wide range of agricultural machinery, irrigation, electronics, robotics, agro-products engineering, biological energy, agricultural structures and environment and more. Subjects in Transactions of the CSAM have been embodied by many internationally well-known index systems, such as: EI Compendex, CA, CSA, etc.

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