In order to study the influence of different straw mulching modes and surface tillage adjustment measures on environmental regulation of root zone of the northeast black soil, field experiments were conducted under five tillage practices of surface tillage with straw mulching (STS), notillage with straw mulching (NTR)，surface tillage with straw mulching and compaction (SCTS), notillage with straw mulching and compaction (NCTR) and conventional tillage (contrast TC) for analyzing time and space dynamic change of soil moisture, heat, nutrient and physical properties by straw mode and surface tillage measures. The results showed that: straw mulching with surface tillage could improve soil physical structure on seeding stage and harvest stage, the soil bulk density of 0~50cm soil layer was reduced from 1.32% to 4.06% and 0.81% to 1.64%,the soil organic matter and available nutrients of 0~30cm soil layer were increased from 4.89% to 20.74%,1.94% to 40.37%,7.18% to 30.26% and 1.22% to 28.09%，the soil moisture of 0~70cm soil layer was increased from 6.83% to 1384%，the daily soil temperature difference at seeding stage of 0~10cm soil layer was reduced from 0.5℃ to 2.8℃ than that of comparison TC, so the effect of surface soil layer was higher than that of the bottom layer. Under the experimental condition, SCTS has advantages on regulation soil environment of root zone for high efficient and sustainable comprehensive evaluation. Research results provide reference basis for promoting implementation of covering cultivation measures on the northeast black earth area.