移动式制种玉米剥皮机设计与试验
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甘肃省重点研发计划项目(24YFNA019)、甘肃省重大专项(23ZDNA008、24ZD13NA019-05-01、25ZDNF001-1)、甘肃省科技计划中央引导地方科技发展资金项目(23ZYQF305-1)、甘肃省农机研发制造推广应用一体化试点项目(3-1-1)和甘肃省高校教师创新基金项目(2024A-050)


Design and Experiment of Mobile Seed Corn Husker
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    摘要:

    针对目前国内制种玉米机械化剥皮采用普通玉米联合收获机作业籽粒损失大、剥皮生产线建设成本高、晾晒场剥皮装备短缺等问题,设计了一种移动式制种玉米剥皮机,采用柔性输送带喂入装置、全橡胶分段组合式剥皮辊、气固耦合式快速筛选装置和可分离移动式机架设计,以提高剥皮效率,降低籽粒损伤,便于运输和存放。通过对制种玉米剥皮过程进行理论分析与计算,确定了影响剥皮效果的主要因素和关键部件的结构参数,并采用Box-Behnken试验设计原理,以剥皮辊转速、剥皮辊倾角和剥皮辊偏置角为试验因素,以苞叶剥净率、籽粒脱落率和籽粒破损率为性能指标,进行三因素三水平试验,最后根据实际工况开展验证试验。多目标优化结果表明:最佳工作参数组合为剥皮辊转速265.57r/min、剥皮辊倾角10.06°、剥皮辊偏置角19.76°,此时苞叶剥净率为95.33%,籽粒脱落率为1.471%,籽粒破损率为0.661%。验证试验结果表明:在最优参数组合时苞叶剥净率为94.22%、籽粒脱落率为1.511%、籽粒破损率为0.675%,与参数优化结果基本吻合,满足制种玉米机械化剥皮的作业要求。该研究可为制种玉米剥皮机的设计与改进提供参考。

    Abstract:

    Aiming at the current domestic mechanized peeling of seed corn using ordinary corn combine harvester operation with large kernel loss, high cost of peeling production line construction, shortage of drying field peeling equipment and other problems, a mobile seed corn husker was designed, using flexible conveyor belt feeding device, full rubber segmented combination peeling rollers, gas-solid coupling type rapid screening device and separable mobile frame design, in order to improve the efficiency of peeling, reduce kernel damage, and facilitate transport and storage. Through theoretical analyses and calculations on the peeling process of seed corn, the main factors affecting the peeling effect and the structural parameters of key components were determined. The Box-Behnken experimental design principle was adopted to conduct a three-factor, three-level experiment by using peeling roller rotational speed, peeling roller inclination angle and peeling roller bias angle as experimental factors, and bract stripping rate, kernel shedding rate and kernel breakage rate as performance indexes, and the verification test was carried out according to the actual working conditions at the end. The results of multi-objective optimization showed that the optimal combination of working parameters was the peeling roller rotational speed of 265.57r/min, the peeling roller inclination angle of 10.06°, and the peeling roller offset angle of 19.76°,at which time the bract stripping rate was 95.33%, kernel shedding rate was 1.471%, and the kernel breakage rate was 0.661%. The results of the validation test showed that at the optimal parameter combination of the bract stripping rate was 94.22%, the kernel shedding rate was 1.511%, and the kernel breakage rate was 0.675%, which was basically consistent with the results of the parameter optimization, meeting the operational requirements for mechanized peeling of seed corn. The research result can be used for the design and improvement of seed corn husker to provide a reference.

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陈俊志,史瑞杰,戴飞,赵武云,常磊磊,杨婷.移动式制种玉米剥皮机设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2025,56(5):331-342. CHEN Junzhi, SHI Ruijie, DAI Fei, ZHAO Wuyun, CHANG Leilei, YANG Ting. Design and Experiment of Mobile Seed Corn Husker[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2025,56(5):331-342.

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  • 收稿日期:2024-10-24
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  • 在线发布日期: 2025-05-10
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