Corn no-till seeding in the wheat stubble field of Huang-Huai-Hai double-cropping area was facilitated the problems of large amount of straw covered, poor quality cutting and difficult stubble treatment. However, the performance of removing stubble by traditional corn no-tillage planter was limited, results in easy congestion in high-speed operation and high energy consumption. A dynamic compensation adaptive straw removal device was designed. By analyzing the influence of front tilt angle, installation angle, working speed and rotating speed of the cleaning tray on the cleaning effect, the value range of the structure parameters and motion parameters of the straw removal device were determined. With the operation speed, rotation speed and installation angle as test factors, and the removal rate and power consumption as test indexes, the operation of the straw removal device under different parameters was simulated and compared by using EDEM discrete element simulation software, and the influence rule of each parameter on the performance of the straw removal device was determined. Meanwhile, a dynamic compensation adaptive control system combining passive and active straw clearing was designed and field experiments were carried out. The results showed that when congestion occurred, the dynamic compensation in the straw removal device was carried out and the device entered the active stubble clearing mode automatically. While the straw removal device was dived by electric machine and the congestion of straw removal device could be solved in time. When the operation speed was 12 km/h, the installation angle of the two straw tray was 67.5°, the rotation speed of the straw tray was 130 r/min, and the depth of straw insertion was 55 mm, the average straw removal rate was 88.93% and the maximum was 91.33%. However, the power dissipation was lower 43.50% than that of the completely active straw removal mode and the operation width met the requirement of no-tillage sowing. The research result can provide an idea for the design of high speed corn no-till planter in Huang-Huai-Hai double-cropping area.