he poultry industry is a significant sector of animal husbandry, and poultry farming methods are gradually advancing towards digitalization and intelligence. Accurate and efficient sensing of poultry health information is fundamental to digital and intelligent poultry farming. With the development of artificial intelligence technologies and the continuous improvement of information collection devices, precise and efficient methods for sensing multimodal poultry health information have been provided. This paper reviews the research progress in sensing poultry"s external morphology, behavior, and body temperature based on various modalities, including images, acceleration data, radio frequency, and audio. A systematic analysis of domestic and international equipment and technologies for multimodal poultry health information sensing is conducted. Based on this analysis, the advantages and disadvantages of different modalities are summarized. The paper also discusses the issues faced in the research of each modality, considering the applicability of collection devices. Finally, the development trends of intelligent sensing of poultry health information are pointed out from the perspectives of improving the accuracy, real-time performance, and robustness of algorithms. This study aims to provide methods and ideas for poultry health management and the sustainable development of the poultry industry.