In response to the current issues of the uneven application, difficulty in near-root application, limited operational functionality in liquid manure fertilizer shovel, a layered near-root and basic application of the liquid manure fertilizer shovel tracking the integration of the fertilizer was designed from the perspective of improving fertilizer efficiency,reducing emissions, and improving the performance. Fertilizer, obstacle avoidance device and other key components were developed. The fertilizer shovel-soil mechanics simulation model was designed by using EDEM discrete elements to optimize the parameters of the lateral discharge pipe of the fertilizer shovel during the follow-up application process, and to build the performance test platform of the fertilizer shovel. Fertilizer shovel layered fertilization and the effect of near-root fertilization were tested by clear water simulation method. The results showed that when the backward inclination angle of the lateral discharge pipe of the fertilizer shovel was 15°,and the cutting edge angle of the lateral discharge pipe was 18°,the resistance of fertilizer shovel basal fertilizer operation was the minimal. With the layered fertilizer application,when the operating speed of the fertilizer shovel was 3km/h and the discharge volume was 5L/s,the longitudinal spreading depth of the fertilizer in the soil was 235mm,which was 65% higher than that of the pre-improvement single-port fertilizer discharge method.When the fertilizer shovel was operated at a speed of 1.2km/h and a discharge rate of 3L/s, the fertilizer was distributed within a radius of 100mm from the center of the crop root by about 80% effectively achieving near-root fertilization.