At present, the rate of potato skin breaking after harvest was high and the content of impurities was high in China. In order to solve the problem that the rate of potato skin breaking was high, the content of impurities was high and the high cost of the above two points after the potato harvest, an air-screen type potato cleaning device was designed and optimized. By using the method of EDEM-Fluent coupling simulation, the air velocity at the inlet of the cleaning device, the swinging form of the shaking screen, the swinging frequency and the inclined angle were taken as the experimental factors, and the cleaning and separating rate and the cleanliness rate of the potatoes were taken as the evaluation indexes. Multiple sets of simulation analyses were conducted on the cleaning process, and validation and optimization were conducted on the basis of the simulation results. The simulation results showed that the wind speed at the inlet of the cleaning device played a decisive role in the feasibility of potato pneumatic separation. The order of significance of the impact was as following: the air velocity at the inlet of the cleaning device, the inclined angle of the shaking screen and the shaking frequency of the shaking screen, and the simple harmonic oscillation of the shaking screen was better than the up-down oscillation. The optimal working parameter combination was that the form of the simple harmonic swing of the screen was front and back, the angle of the screen was 25°, the swing frequency was 10Hz, the wind speed of the fan was 60m/s. Under the optimal working parameter combination, the potato cleaning and separating rate was 93.1% and the cleanliness rate was 98.7%. The results showed that the application of EDEM-Fluent coupling simulation was helpful to the research of potato cleaning and separating, and the research results could provide a theoretical basis for the design and optimization of potato cleaning device. At the same time, it laid a foundation for the further research on the size and shape of the opening of the shaking sieve. There was little difference between the bench verification experiment and the simulation experiment. The results of the bench verification test and the simulation test were basically the same, which laid a foundation for the follow-up field test.