灌溉施氮和种植密度对棉花叶面积指数与产量的影响
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国家自然科学基金面上项目(51679190、51979220)、国家自然科学基金重点项目(41830754)和新疆水专项(2020.D-001)


Effect of Irrigation Amount, Nitrogen Application Rate and Planting Density on Cotton Leaf Area Index and Yield
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    摘要:

    为构建便于实际应用的棉花叶面积指数和产量模型,综合考虑灌溉、施肥、种植密度及覆膜的影响,建立了基于相对有效积温的普适棉花相对叶面积指数的Logistic模型,并研究了棉花最大叶面积指数与全生育期灌水量、施氮量、种植密度及产量之间的关系。结果表明:覆膜棉花叶面积指数最大时的有效积温为1400℃左右,不覆膜棉花的叶面积指数最大时的有效积温为1600℃左右。棉花最大叶面积指数随耗水量、施氮量呈现出先增后减的变化趋势,而种植密度与最大叶面积指数之间表现出明显的正相关性。综合考虑灌水量、施氮量和种植密度的作用可以较为准确描述最大叶面积指数变化特征。棉花产量随着最大叶面积指数的变化呈现出明显的先增后减的变化趋势,当最大叶面积指数为4.93时籽棉产量最大达6066.2kg/hm2。相对化分析结果表明,覆膜与不覆膜棉花相对叶面积指数的变化趋势基本一致,相应的模型参数也基本相同,从而建立了全国范围内覆膜与不覆膜棉花统一的相对叶面积指数的Logistic模型。该研究为棉花科学种植和精细化管理提供了方法,也为其他作物在不同管理措施和地域时进行建模提供了参考。

    Abstract:

    The effects of irrigation, fertilization, planting density and filmmulching were comprehensively analyzed in order to develop a universal Logistic model of cotton relative leaf area index based on the relative growing degree days as the independent variable. The relationship between the maximum leaf area index of cotton and irrigation amount, nitrogen application rate, planting density and yield during the whole growth period was studied. The results showed that the growing degree days of the maximum leaf area index of cotton with film-mulching was about 1400℃, and growing degree days of the maximum leaf area index of cotton without film-mulching was about 1600℃. The maximum leaf area index of cotton was increased first and then decreased with water consumption and nitrogen application, and there was a significant positive correlation between planting density and maximum leaf area index. The maximum leaf area index can be described accurately through considering the effects of irrigation amount, nitrogen application rate and planting density. When the maximum leaf area index was 4.93, the maximum seed cotton yield was 6066.2kg/hm2. The results of relative analysis showed that the change trend of relative leaf area index of cotton with and without film-mulching was nearly the same, and the corresponding model parameters were also the same. A unified Logistic model of relative leaf area index of cotton with and without film-mulching was established. The research result can provide a method for scientific planting and fine management of cotton, and also can provide a reference for modeling other crops in different management and different regions.

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王全九,王康,苏李君,张继红,韦开.灌溉施氮和种植密度对棉花叶面积指数与产量的影响[J].农业机械学报,2021,52(12):300-312. WANG Quanjiu, WANG Kang, SU Lijun, ZHANG Jihong, WEI Kai. Effect of Irrigation Amount, Nitrogen Application Rate and Planting Density on Cotton Leaf Area Index and Yield[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2021,52(12):300-312.

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  • 收稿日期:2020-11-21
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  • 在线发布日期: 2021-03-08
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