In order to reasonably improve the efficiency of cultivated land use, strengthen the construction of ecological civilization and the sustainable use of resources on the basis of cultivated landsuitability, taking Yuanyang County as an example, the cultivated land use efficiency was divided into different regions by comprehensively considering the evaluation results of cultivated land use efficiency and suitability, and the measures for improving the cultivated land use efficiency in each region was proposed. The results showed that from the perspective of cultivated land use efficiency, the average value of cultivated land use comprehensive efficiency in Yuanyang County was 0.837, the overall level was not high, and there was a large space for improvement of pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency. According to the evaluation results of cultivated land suitability, the suitable arable area, basic suitable arable area, low suitable arable area and basin protection area accounted for 37.84%, 41.36%, 19.09% and 1.71% of the total cultivated land in Yuanyang County, respectively, and the arable ability was strong. The cultivated land use efficiency in Yuanyang County was divided into conservation area, promotion area, adjustment area and protection area by superposition of the evaluation results of cultivated land use efficiency and arable land suitability.From the perspective of sustainable utilization and ecological protection, combining with differentiated remediation measures, in the conservation area, maintaining high arable land, arable land use efficiency and extending the ecological and economic value of arable land were the key points.The promotion area had strong arable and low cultivated land use efficiency. It can maximize its effective use efficiency through large-scale operation.In the adjustment area, the suitable tillage was poor, and the utilization efficiency of cultivated land should not be improved. Ecological agriculture or facility hydroponic agriculture should be developed to improve the economic benefits of cultivated land and alleviate the pressure of cultivated land and ecological protection. The cultivated land in the protected area would be withdrawn gradually, and its wetland and ecological functions would be brought into full play. The research results can provide reference for the sustainable utilization of cultivated land resources.