Vibration energy harvesting technology is an important way to alleviate energy pressure and has broad application prospects in the field of power supply for micro devices. The giant magnetostrictive vibration energy harvesting technology has attracted attention with the excellent performance of giant magnetostrictive materials (GMM). In view of the shortcomings of the current theoretical research on giant magnetostrictive vibration energy harvesting, a columntype giant magnetostrictive energy harvesting device (GMEHD) was designed based on the material properties of GMM, and its working principle was introduced. The input and output model of the device was established and the output voltage calculation formula was derived combining with the structural characteristics of GMEHD. The response of the system under sinusoidal excitation was solved. According to the coil structure, the coil turns were optimized through circuit analysis. The finite element model of GMEHD was established by simulation software COMSOL Multiphysics and the simulation results were obtained. GMEHD was made on the basis of the above. The prototype test system was built, and the GEMHD output electromotive force time curve under different frequency sinusoidal forces was obtained, and compared with the model calculation value and simulation results. The results showed that under the sinusoidal excitation of 1Hz, 10Hz and 50Hz, the GEMHD output electromotive force amplitudes were 2mV, 15mV and 75mV, respectively, and the phase ahead the input force π/2. The model calculation and simulation value fitted well, which verified the accuracy of the model and provided a reference for the next step in the optimization design.