玉米收获机自动对行系统设计与试验
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国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0701901)


Design and Experiment of Auto-follow Row System for Corn Harvester
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    摘要:

    为提高玉米收获机的对行质量,减轻驾驶员的劳动强度,设计了一套玉米收获机自动对行系统,包括自动对行感知系统和路径跟踪控制系统。感知系统由激光雷达、机械式对行传感器、陀螺转角仪等组成,激光雷达检测进入地块前的横向偏差,机械式对行传感器检测收获作业时的横向偏差,陀螺转角仪检测航向偏角。以纯追踪模型作为路径跟踪的控制方法,利用模糊控制原理动态调整纯追踪模型中的前视距离,结合收获机的运动学模型,确定收获机转向轮的期望转角,并通过Matlab/Simulink软件对模型进行仿真分析。将自动对行系统搭载于4YL-6型玉米收获机上进行田间试验,结果表明,激光雷达静态检测试验的偏差均值为0.0775m,标准差均值为0.1309m,偏差在±15cm和±30cm内的比例均值分别为80.5%和95%;激光雷达地头自动对行试验的平均调整距离为7.89m,平均偏差为0.146m;基于机械式对行传感器的收获作业自动对行试验的偏差均值为0.0876m,标准差均值为0.0976m,偏差在±15cm和±30cm内的比例均值分别为831%和100%。试验结果满足玉米收获机的对行作业要求,可为玉米收获机的自动对行提供理论支持。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the alignment quality of corn harvester and reduce the driver’s labor intensity, an autofollow row system of corn harvester was designed, which included sensing system and path tracking control system. The sensing system consisted of laser radar, mechanical sensor using for autofollow row system and gyroscope. The lateral deviation between harvester and corn boundary line was detected by laser radar when the harvester moved to corn field, and the lateral deviation was detected by mechanical sensor during harvesting operation, and the heading angle was detected by gyroscope. Pure pursuit model was used as the control method of path tracking, and the forwardlooking distance of pure pursuit model was dynamically adjusted by fuzzy control. The desired steering angle was determined by the kinematics model of the harvester. The model was simulated and analyzed by Matlab/Simulink. The 4YZ-6 corn harvester with autofollow row system was tested in the field and the results were as follows: the average deviation of laser radar static detection test was 0.0775m, the average standard deviation was 0.1309m, and the proportion of deviation between -15cm and 15cm was 80.5%,and the proportion of deviation between -30cm and 30cm was 95%; the average adjustment distance of autofollow row test based on laser radar was 7.89m, the average deviation was 0.146m; in autofollow row test based on mechanical sensor, the average deviation was 0.0876m and average standard deviation was 0.0976m, the proportion of deviation between -15cm and 15cm was 83.1%, and the proportion of deviation between -30cm and 30cm was 100%. The test results met the requirements of autofollow row of corn harvester, and provided theoretical support for corn harvester’s autofollow row.

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张凯良,胡勇,杨丽,张东兴,崔涛,范亮亮.玉米收获机自动对行系统设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2020,51(2):103-114. ZHANG Kailiang, HU Yong, YANG Li, ZHANG Dongxing, CUI Tao, FAN Liangliang. Design and Experiment of Auto-follow Row System for Corn Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2020,51(2):103-114.

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  • 收稿日期:2019-05-09
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  • 在线发布日期: 2020-02-10
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