In order to solve the low mechanization rate of ginseng sowing, a ginseng precision seeder with ditching and seeding monomer type was designed. Through the analysis of the seed dropping point of chain spoon type precision seed-metering device for ginseng and working performance and structural parameters of double disc trencher, the key parameters of ditching and seeding monomer were ascertained and the whole transmission system was designed to realize the adjustable plant spacing. Then through the construction of a soil trough test bench, the quadratic regression orthogonal rotation combination test was done, with the operation speed, ditching depth and relative horizontal distance between furrow opener and seed-metering device as the test factors, and the qualified index, the multiple index and the missing index as the text indexes. Experimental results showed that when the operation speed was 0.42m/s, ditching depth was 45mm and the relative horizontal distance between furrow opener and seed-metering device was 95mm, the qualified index was 94.53%, the multiple index was 4.308%, and the missing index was 1.165%. The field experiment was carried out with 2BS-10 ginseng precision seeder with ditching and seeding monomer type to testify the performance of the seeder, which showed that when the plant spacing was 4cm, the seeder’s qualified index was 92.7%, the multiple index was 5.0%, the missing index was 2.3%, the qualified rate of sowing depth was 95.1%, and no injury was found, which can meet the requirements of non-forest ginseng sowing.