大喂入量玉米籽粒收获机清选系统双层筛孔抖动板研究
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国家自然科学基金项目(51475090、52075091)


Research on Double-layer Jitter Plates with Holes in Large-feeding Mass Cleaning System of Maize Grain Harvester
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    摘要:

    为满足玉米籽粒收获机对大喂入量玉米脱出物的清选要求,设计了一种使玉米脱出物在进入清选装置时分流的双层筛孔式抖动板。对玉米脱出物离开抖动板到达振动筛前的运动进行了分析,确定了上、下抖动板相对于振动筛的位置,并参考圆孔筛确定了上抖动板筛孔的分布和尺寸。以抖动板的安装倾角、振幅和频率作为试验因素,以振动筛筛分玉米脱出物时间、清选系统收集籽粒的清洁率和损失率为性能评价指标,基于CFD-DEM耦合仿真方法确定各试验因素对性能指标的影响,并设计了二次正交旋转中心组合试验,建立了各因素与指标之间的回归数学模型。在清选系统入口气流速度、气流方向角和玉米脱出物喂入量分别为12.8m/s、25°和7kg/s的条件下,获得最优参数组合:抖动板安装倾角、抖动板频率、抖动板振幅分别为-3.85°、5.62Hz、44.77mm,此时清选系统收集的籽粒清洁率为98.36%,籽粒损失率为1.45%,振动筛筛分玉米脱出物时间为6.74s,并通过台架试验验证了仿真结果的准确性,相比于带有单层抖动板的清选系统,籽粒清洁率提高了1.72个百分点,损失率降低了0.84个百分点,振动筛筛分玉米脱出物时间缩短了0.57s。

    Abstract:

    To meet the requirements of maize grain harvester for cleaning large feeding mass of maize mixture, the double-layer jitter plates with holes were designed to shunt the maize mixture when they entered the cleaning device. The movement of particles after leaving jitter plates before arriving at vibrating screen was analyzed. The position of the upper and lower jitter plates relative to the vibrating screen, the distribution and size of the sieve holes on the upper jitter plate were determined. The angles of the jitter plates installed, the amplitude and the frequency of the jitter plates were chosen as the experimental factors. The time of cleaning maize mixture by the screeens, the cleaning rate and the loss rate of the maize grains were chosen as the performance indexes. The CFD-DEM coupled method was used. The effect of test factors on performance indexes was determined. The quadratic orthogonal rotational-combinational simulation tests were designed. The regression mathematical models between factors and indexes were founded. When the inlet velocity of airflow was 12.8m/s, the direction angle of airflow was 25°, the feeding mass was 7kg/s, the best combination of parameters were that the angle of the jitter plates installed was -3.85°, that the frequency of the jitter plates was 5.62Hz and the amplitude of jitter plates was 44.77mm. The cleaning and loss rate of maize grain and the time of cleaning maize mixture by the screens were 98.36%, 1.45% and 6.74s, respectively. Compared with the cleaning system with single-layer jitter plate, the cleaning rate of maize grain was reduced by 1.72 percentage points, the loss rate of maize grian was reduced by 0.84 percentage points and the time of cleaning maize mixture was shortened by 0.57s. The performance tests were done in the laboratory to verify the accuracy of the simulation results.

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王立军,刘伟腾,李懿航,于锟蒙.大喂入量玉米籽粒收获机清选系统双层筛孔抖动板研究[J].农业机械学报,2022,53(7):92-102. WANG Lijun, LIU Weiteng, LI Yihang, YU Kunmeng. Research on Double-layer Jitter Plates with Holes in Large-feeding Mass Cleaning System of Maize Grain Harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2022,53(7):92-102.

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  • 收稿日期:2021-06-23
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  • 在线发布日期: 2022-07-10
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