In order to study the influence of vibration frequency, vibration direction and other parameters on the resistance reduction and energy consumption characteristics of vibrating agricultural soil digging, a vibration soil digging resistance test-bed was designed and developed. Through theoretical analysis and calculation, the motion parameters of the vibration digging mechanism were determined. In the indoor soil tank system with 27% soil moisture and 2.2MPa soil firmness, under the test conditions of 150mm digging depth, 0.15~1.00m/s forward speed and 2~20Hz vibration frequency, the experimental study on the characteristics of excavation resistance and energy consumption of vibration test soil was carried out by using the test-bed. The test results showed that the working resistance of the vibration soil digging can be effectively reduced. The resistance reduction was increased with the increase of vibration frequency, during the frequency of 2~20Hz, the maximum resistance reduction rates of forward-backward vibration and vertical vibration can reach 21% and 25%, respectively. The increasing rate of resistance reduction was slowed down after 10~14Hz, which indicated that the range was in the natural frequency range of soil. The resistance reduction rate of soil digging was related to the ratio of vibration speed and forward speed. When the vibration speed was less than the forward speed, the resistance reduction rate was relatively small and only increased slowly with the increase of frequency. When the vibration speed was greater than the forward speed, the resistance reduction rate would be risen rapidly at the corresponding frequency point, after that, the growth rate was gradually slowed down. Due to the need for additional excitation energy input, the comprehensive energy consumption of forced vibration soil digging in two vibration directions was not reduced. Under the vibration of less than 10Hz, the energy consumption ratio was in the range of 1~1.07, but when the vibration frequency exceeded 10Hz, the energy consumption ratio would be increased rapidly with the increase of frequency. The increase of amplitude can reduce the resistance of soil digging, but the energy consumption of vibration digging would be increased greatly.