In order to solve the problems of high resistance and high rate of leakage during the operation of carrot combine harvester, a kind of high efficiency drag reducing shovel was designed. The bionic drag reducing shovel tip was designed with the badger claw as the bionic prototype, and its drag reducing mechanism was analyzed. Based on the theoretical mechanics analysis, the mechanical contact model between shovel wing and soil was established. The structure parameters of the shovel wing which affected the quality of shovel were determined. Based on the EDEM discrete element simulation technology, the multi simulation model of componentsoilcrop was established. Through the single factor experiment and orthogonal rotation combined experiment, the range of its value and the law of its influence on the index were determined. The multiobjective optimization mathematical model between experiment factors and indexes was established, and the optimal parameter combination of the shovel was determined by using DesignExpert 8.0.6 software. The operation performance of the high efficiency drag reducing shovel was verified by the field performance comparison experiment. The results showed that the main structural parameters that affected the quality of scarification and shoveling operation of carrot combine harvester were the opening angle α and the inclination angle β. When the opening angle α and the inclination angle β were 120.27° and 47.37° respectively, the performance of the shovel was the best, and the forward resistance and extraction power of carrot were 1908.76N and 55.37N respectively. Compared with the chisel shovel, the resistance of the high efficiency drag reducing shovel was reduced by 5.79%, the extraction power of carrot was reduced by 2068%, and the leakage rate was reduced by 3.8 percentage points, which met the requirements of carrot harvesting. 