秸秆湿贮存过程添加剂协同调控对甲烷产量的影响
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国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目(51608523)、“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAD21B04)和北京市科技计划项目(D161100006016001)


Effect of Wet-storage Additives on Fermentation Performance and Biomethane Potential of Corn Stover
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    摘要:

    以干黄玉米秸秆为原料,研究可溶性糖(葡萄糖)及其与同型乳酸菌、异型乳酸菌、乙酸协同添加对原料湿贮存过程中品质及甲烷产量的影响。结果表明:单一葡萄糖添加组,贮存30d,干物质损失率为4.7%,以乳杆菌属、片球菌属、肠球菌多种乳酸菌主导,乳酸与乙酸含量(干基质量比)分别为36g/kg和5g/kg,秸秆产甲烷潜力比空白组提高68%;葡萄糖植物乳杆菌协同(同型发酵)组,贮存30d,干物质损失率为4.6%,乳酸含量升高至62.g/kg;〖JP〗葡萄糖短乳杆菌协同(异型发酵)组,贮存30d,干物质损失率为5.5%,乳酸与乙酸含量分别达到44g/kg和12g/kg;两类乳酸菌的协同添加均未对产气潜力产生进一步促进作用;葡萄糖乙酸协同组,贮存30d,干物质损失率为36%,乳酸与乙酸含量分别升高至75g/kg和20g/kg,异型乳酸发酵魏斯氏菌属丰度升高至16.87%,有效抑制肠杆菌属(腐败菌)生长,秸秆产甲烷潜力提高8.7%。综合分析本试验结果,当原料可溶性糖含量不足时,外源糖的补充是保证原料高效贮存及产气的关键,协同乙酸添加可强化以魏斯氏菌属为主导的异型发酵过程抑制腐败菌生长,强化贮存过程的稳定性。

    Abstract:

    Corn stover was one of important agricultural residues. Due to Chinese corn farming system, harvesting method, relativity lower mechanism and so on, the corn material for biogas industries was mostly dryyellow corn stover. In order to improve the efficiency of dryyellow corn stover and attain better material for wetstorage, the effect of different wetstorage additives on fermentation performance, bacterial community and biomethane potential (BMP) was focused on. Dryyellow corn stover was stored following five additives treatments for 30d, including Con group (without additives), Glu group (glucose addition of 3%), LP group (glucose addition of 3% and Lactobacillus plantarum addition of 1×106CFU/g), LB group (glucose addition of 3% and Lactobacillus brevis addition of 1×106CFU/g), AA group (glucose addition of 3% and acetic acid addition of 04%). In general, glucose addition 3% prior to storage attained wellpreserve; Lactobacillus plantarum or Lactobacillus brevis addition 1×106CFU/g with glucose addition 3% prior to storage improved the speed of pH value decreasing in early period and water soluble carbohydrate consuming, and significantly higher (P<0.05) lactic acid and acetic acid was produced, respectively. The result of bacterial community from raw material and five treatments showed the most epiphytic bacteria (at the phylum level) was Proteobacteria in raw material, after wetstorage Firmicutes became the dominant flora and Proteobacteria was reduced significantly (P<0.05). The community of lactic acid bacteria showed that Lactobacillus, Enterococcus and Pediococcus were dominant flora when adding glucose alone, and relative abundance of Lactobacillus was increased to 41.07% when adding Lactobacillus plantarum with glucose addition. Weissella became the dominant flora when acetic acid was added. The result of batch test demonstrated that the biomethane potential of dryyellow corn stover was improved by wetstorage with glucose additive. Modified Gompertz models well simulated the anaerobic digestion process of the wetstorage dryyellow corn stover supplemented with additives. Considering the fermentation characteristics, biomethane potential, wetstorage the dryyellow corn stover with glucose addition and acetic acid addition could achieve the well quality and highvalue substance and increase the methane potential yield. 

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崔 宪,郭建斌,徐 艳,温啸宇,庞昌乐,董仁杰.秸秆湿贮存过程添加剂协同调控对甲烷产量的影响[J].农业机械学报,2018,49(9):302-310. CUI Xian, GUO Jianbin, XU Yan, WEN Xiaoyu, PANG Changle, DONG Renjie. Effect of Wet-storage Additives on Fermentation Performance and Biomethane Potential of Corn Stover[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2018,49(9):302-310.

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  • 收稿日期:2018-02-02
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  • 在线发布日期: 2018-09-10
  • 出版日期: 2018-09-10