The foundation and guarantee role of the modern agriculture mechanical properties of soil-engaging components was analyzed and the primary performance parameters of soil-engaging components that need optimization at present was also summarized, which mainly included drag reduction and consumption reduction, anti-adhesion and desorption, wear resistance and life extensional and the satisfying requirements of agronomy. The main research methods to optimize the structure and properties of soil-engaging components were summarized, which mainly included clearing the interaction between soil and soil-engaging components, optimizing material composition and machining process technology, aiming at the structure function design of agronomy. And the developing orientation of agricultural machinery soil-engaging components in China was prospected, which mainly included strengthening the basic theory research, overcoming the high-performance material processing bottleneck, designing soil-engaging components by using comprehensive and advanced approach.