微润管出流特性和流量预报方法研究
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国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFC0400202)和国家自然科学基金项目(51679205)


Prediction Methods and Characteristics of Flow for Moistube
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    摘要:

    为探明影响微润管流量的主要因素,确定微润管压力与流量关系,通过田间试验,研究不同土壤初始质量含水率(13.83%、15.49%、16.27%、17.72%)和不同土壤容重(1.18、1.21、1.24、1.26g/cm3)条件下不同压力水头(0、0.1、0.3、0.7、1.1、2.1m)对微润管流量的影响。结果表明:微润管流量随土壤质量含水率变化有一定的自我调节作用,但微润管流量受土壤质量含水率变化影响较小,自我调节时间约为44h。随着灌水时间增加,微润管流量呈先快速增加再减小后趋于稳定平缓的趋势,灌水后约48h趋于稳定状态。工作压力、土壤容重和初始质量含水率均对微润管流量有显著影响,在一定工作压力范围内(0~2.1m水头),压力与流量呈显著性线性关系(P<0.05),模型决定系数R2大于0.85,随土壤初始质量含水率与容重增加,微润管流量呈减小趋势,微润管流量变化对工作压力的敏感度逐渐下降;在压力与流量线性回归模型中微润管的流量系数和压力为零的流量b均非单纯由产品自身特性决定,土壤初始质量含水率和容重与流量系数呈显著负相关关系(P<0.05),容重与压力为零的流量均存在显著负相关关系(P<0.05),可用土壤初始质量含水率和容重确定流量系数和压力为零时的流量值,最终实现微润灌出流预报。通过灰色关联分析发现,压力是影响微润管流量的最主要因素,土壤容重次之,土壤初始质量含水率对微润管流量影响最小。

    Abstract:

    In order to understand the main factors influencing the flow of moistube and determine the relationship between flow and pressure, in the case of different soil initial mass moisture contents(13.83%, 15.49%, 16.27% and 17.72%)and soil bulk densities(1.18g/cm3, 1.21g/cm3, 1.24g/cm3.and 1.26g/cm3), the completely random experiment design in field of arable land was used to test the influence of different pressures (0m, 0.1m, 0.3m, 0.7m, 1.1m and 2.1m) on moistube flow. The results showed that the moistube had a weak and short duration of selfregulation function of flow with the change of soil moisture content, which was about 44h. The moistube flow was increased quickly and then decreased to steady state, the soil moisture content was increased and then tended to stable state at the beginning of irrigation, it would be in steady state when after 48h of irrigation. Moistube flow was significantly influenced by pressure, soil bulk density and soil initial mass moisture content. Moistube flow was mainly controlled by pressure, there was a significantly liner relationship between pressure and flow within a certain range (the water head was varied from 0m to 2.1m), the determination coefficient R2>0.85, when soil initial mass moisture content and bulk density was increased, moistube flow kept a downtrend, meanwhile the moistube flow change on the sensitivity of the working pressure was gradually decreased. Moistube flow coefficient k and flow b with zero pressure were not simply determined by the moistube’s characteristics in the model of liner relationship between pressure and flow. The soil initial mass moisture content and bulk density with moistube flow coefficient k showed a significant negative correlation respectively (P<0.05), bulk density with flow b with zero pressure had a significant negative correlation (P<0.05), Moistube flow coefficient k and flow bwith zero pressure can be determined by soil initial mass moisture content and bulk density, thus the moistube flow can be predicted. According to correlation analysis and variance analysis, pressure was the most important factor affecting the moistube flow, then the soil bulk density and soil initial mass moisture content was the least.

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牛文全,张明智,许健,邹小阳,张若婵,李元.微润管出流特性和流量预报方法研究[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(6):217-224,241. NIU Wenquan, ZHANG Mingzhi, XU Jian, ZOU Xiaoyang, ZHANG Ruochan, LI Yuan. Prediction Methods and Characteristics of Flow for Moistube[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2017,48(6):217-224,241.

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  • 收稿日期:2016-09-12
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  • 在线发布日期: 2016-11-20
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