In order to provide decisionmaking references for the allocation of available water resources in Heilongjiang Province, water footprint theory was used to calculate the grain water footprint during 2007—2012 in different areas of Heilongjiang Province, and the water utilization of food crops was analyzed in Heilongjiang Province during 2007—2012. The results showed that water consumption of grain production was huge, which was increased instantly over the years in Heilongjiang Province. Grain water footprint was less than the water requirement for per unit yield in different areas of Heilongjiang Province, and water shortage was serious in the process of grain crop production in some areas. Through spatial autocorrelation analysis, it showed that the grain green water footprint and the grain blue water footprint of Heilongjiang Province in 2007—2012 both had spatial clustering between similar values. The grain yield of Heilongjiang Farms & Land Reclamation Administration was high, but the ratio of grain blue water footprint was also high, and the grain production was more dependent on irrigation water resources, the water consumption was great. There were significant differences in the spatial distribution of grain water footprint in different areas of Heilongjiang Province, which was generally high in the northeast and low in the southwest. In the six years, the average grain water footprints were 1.15m3/kg, 1.01m3/kg, 1.32m3/kg, 1.04m3/kg, 0.91m3/kg and 0.83m3/kg, respectively. The blue water footprint of grain was significantly lower than that of the green water footprint in Heilongjiang Province, and grain production was highly dependent on the green water resources. In the six years, the average grain blue water footprint ratios were 33.91%,31.68%, 25.76%, 29.81%, 32.97% and 33.73%, respectively. Due to the significant reduction of grain yield per unit area in 2009, the years of 2007—2012 was divided into two distinct periods of 2007—2008 and 2009—2012. The grain water footprint had the trend of decreasing year by year during the two periods, and the water use efficiency of grain production in the two periods were increased year by year. From the perspective of grain water footprint, the situation of water use in grain production in different areas of Heilongjiang Province was discussed. It can effectively reflect the grain crop production and water resources utilization efficiency, and provide technical support for the water management in grain production in Heilongjiang Province.