In order to realize large output angular acceleration and high working frequency of the angular vibrator, a moving component of an electromagnetic angular vibrator with a disk moving coil structure was proposed and optimally designed. First, the principle of the electromagnetic angular vibrator with a disk moving coil structure was introduced, and dynamic models of its moving component were analyzed, which showed that the output capability of angular acceleration from the angular vibrator would be improved and the working frequency range would be widened when the rotary inertia of the moving coil and the vibration table was decreased or the stiffness of the connecting shaft was increased, or the first-order torsional resonance frequency of the moving component was increased. Then, the parameters of the disk moving coil were optimally designed by particle swarm optimization (PSO) method with the goal of realizing the maximum output angular acceleration when a unit current was passed through the moving coil wire. Furthermore, in order to realize the minimum rotary inertia and the highest first-order torsional resonance frequency, the topology of the moving coil and the material combinations of the vibration table and connecting shaft were optimally designed with finite element method. Finally, the optimized moving component was applied to a prototype of the broadband electromagnetic angular vibrator. Experimental results showed that the angular vibrator could output angular acceleration as large as 2 000 rad/s2 with the maximum angular displacement of 60°, and the first-order torsional resonance frequency of the moving component for the angular vibrator could get as high as 1 100 Hz.