To explore the distribution and the estimation model of the basic geometry parameters related to the automatic direction of the tip side and blunt side of eggs, geometry, quality center location, volume and quality of poultry eggs were measured. Relationships between egg geometry and the volume, quality were studied. The results showed that the geometry and quality of eggs were normal distribution. It was found that the quality center of poultry eggs was at the midpoint of the length. The distance from the quality center to the intersection of the length and the breadth was within 3～5mm. The supporting method was better than weighing method. The correlation coefficient of estimated volume using standard ellipsoid volume methods and actual volume of native egg, feed egg and duck egg were all more than 0.94. The correlation between the weight and the approximate volume of eggs was better than that with the length, breadth, their ratio in a cubic regression, also that with the oval area over the length in a linear regression. The correlation coefficient of the weight model of native egg, feed egg and duck egg were all more than 0.95.