In order to accurately obtain power characteristics of longitudinal axial-threshing unit test-bed, rotary torque sensors, signal acquisition card and industrial computer control system were used to measure the power of rice threshing with the drum rotate speed of 850r/min, inter-tooth space of 100mm, threshing clearance of 25mm, straw-grain ratio of 2.6, feeding capacity of 7kg/s. Instantaneous power was obtained by analyzing the power of rice threshing process characteristics. The results showed that the idle power of spike tooth longitudinal axial-threshing drums was 10.93kW; the threshing power was 36.94kW; mechanical efficiency was 69.62%.The experiment of power influencing factors, such as feeding capacity, inter-tooth space, straw-grain ratio, drum rotate speed and threshing clearance, was conducted on the longitudinal axial-threshing unit test-bed to analysis the threshing power characteristics and threshing performance.