In order to determine the effectiveness of O3 on lignification of bamboo shoot (Phyllostachys pubescens Mazel), the bamboo shoots were exposed to either 100μL/L, 200μL/L or 300μL/L for 30min before stored at (1±1)℃ for 30d. The effect of O3 treatment on lignification and related enzyme activity were investigated. The results indicated that O3 treatment inhibited firmness from increasing, while decreasing the respiration rate and ethylene production. O3 treatment also retarded the activities of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), peroxidase (POD) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) increasing. The cellulose and lignin content were 8%~14% and 7%~12% lower than that of control, and the dacay rate was 71%~84% lower than that of control. Therefore, O3 treatment has potential use in delaying lignification of bamboo shoot. 