The effect of 1MCP treatments on lignification and cell ultrastructure of peeled water bamboo shoot was investigated under th e storage conditions of normal and low temperature. The results indicated that 0 5μL/L of 1MCP treatment could keep good sensory quality and inhibit t he ethylene production rate. It could also markedly reduce the increase of cellu lose content, the decrease of water soluble pectin content, and the increase of protopectin content, and inhibit the lignification of peeled water bamboo shoot. Transmission electron microscope was used to observe the ultrastructure of peel ed water bamboo under the storage conditions of normal temperature. The results showed that the cell inclusions of peeled water bamboo shoot treated with 1MCP were rich and the degradation of plasmodesma was inhibited compared with t h e control, which further indicated the inhibition of 1MCP on lignificati on of peeled water bamboo shoot. 