The test stand-by for studying the transient performance of the diesel engine’s turbo-charging system was established based on D6114 diesel engine. The data acquisition system for the transient parameters of the turbo-charging system and the diesel engine was developed with LabView. The experimental results indicated that the test stand-by and the data acquisition system satisfied the demand of the study on the transient performance of the turbo-charging system and the effects of turbo-charging system on the performance of the diesel engine.